In the realm of electrical engineering, systems and signals are fundamental concepts. A **system** is an entity that takes an input signal and produces an output signal, exhibiting a specific behavior or functionality. Systems can range from simple to complex, and their analysis often involves unde...
MALLA REDDY COLLEGE
OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION: UGC, GOVT. OF
INDIA) ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
II ECE I SEM
, MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
II Year B.Tech ECE-I Sem L T/P/D C
4 -/-/- 4
(R17A0402) SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of the course are:
1. Knowledge of time-domain representation and analysis concepts of basic elementary
signals
2. Knowledge of Fourier Series for Continuous Time Signals
3. Knowledge of frequency-domain representation and analysis concepts F.T., L.T. & Z.T
and Concepts of the sampling process.
4. Mathematical and computational skills needed to understand the principal of Linear
System and Filter Characteristics of a System.
5. Mathematical and computational skills needed to understand the concepts of auto
correlation and cross correlation and power Density Spectrum.
UNIT I:
INTRODUCTION TO SIGNALS: Elementary Signals- Continuous Time (CT) signals, Discrete Time
(DT) signals, Classification of Signals, Basic Operations on signals.
FOURIER SERIES: Representation of Fourier series, Continuous time periodic signals, Dirichlet’s
conditions, Trigonometric Fourier Series, Exponential Fourier Series, Properties of Fourier
series, Complex Fourier spectrum.
UNIT II:
FOURIER TRANSFORMS: Deriving Fourier transform from Fourier series, Fourier transform of
arbitrary signal, Fourier transform of standard signals, Properties of Fourier transforms.
SAMPLING: Sampling theorem – Graphical and analytical proof for Band Limited Signals,
impulse sampling, Natural and Flat top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its samples,
effect of under sampling – Aliasing.
UNIT III:
SIGNAL TRANSMISSION THROUGH LINEAR SYSTEMS: Introduction to Systems, Classification of
Systems, Linear Time Invariant (LTI) systems, impulse response, Transfer function of a LTI
system. Filter characteristics of linear systems. Distortion less transmission through a system,
Signal bandwidth, System bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics.
UNIT IV:
CONVOLUTION AND CORRELATION OF SIGNALS: Concept of convolution in time domain, Cross
correlation and auto correlation of functions, properties of correlation function, Energy density
spectrum, Parseval’s theorem, Power density spectrum, Relation between convolution and
correlation.
UNIT V:
LAPLACE TRANSFORMS: Review of Laplace transforms, Inverse Laplace transform, Concept of
region of convergence (ROC) for Laplace transforms, Properties of L.T’s relation between L.T’s,
and F.T. of a signal.
Z–TRANSFORMS: Concept of Z- Transform of a discrete sequence. Distinction between Laplace,
Fourier and Z transforms, Region of convergence in Z-Transform, Inverse Z- Transform,
Properties of Z-transforms.
,TEXT BOOKS:
1. “Signals & Systems”, Special Edition – MRCET, McGraw Hill Publications, 2017
2. Signals, Systems & Communications - B.P. Lathi, BS Publications, 2003.
3. Signals and Systems - A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, PHI, 2nd Edn.
4. Signals and Systems – A. Anand Kumar, PHI Publications, 3rd edition.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Signals & Systems - Simon Haykin and Van Veen,Wiley, 2nd Edition.
2. Network Analysis - M.E. Van Valkenburg, PHI Publications, 3rd Edn., 2000.
3. Fundamentals of Signals and Systems Michel J. Robert, MGH International Edition,
2008.
4. Signals, Systems and Transforms - C. L. Philips, J. M. Parr and Eve A. Riskin, Pearson
education.3rd Edition, 2004.
OUTCOMES:
After completion of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Understand the basic elementary signals
2. Determine the Fourier Series for Continuous Time Signals
3. Analyze the signals using F.T, L.T & Z.T and study the properties of F.T., L.T. & Z.T.
4. Understand the principal of Linear System and Filter Characteristics of a System.
5. Understand the concepts of auto correlation and cross correlation and power Density
Spectrum.
, Unit I
INTRODUCTION TO SIGNALS :
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