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Introduction of Remote sensing

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Further steps and learning moves about interpretation technology.. Describe the material by the technical movements

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  • February 11, 2024
  • 193
  • 2023/2024
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REMOTE SENSING & GIS

UNIT I REMOTE SENSING



Prepared by




T.DINESH KUMAR
Assistant Professor
ECE, SCSVMV

, AIM & OBJECTIVES


 To provide students an exposure to Remote sensing.
 To understand the basic concepts of Passive Remote Sensing.
 To learn about Electro Magnetic Radiation.
 To acquire knowledge about Planck’s law – Stefan-Boltzman law.




PRE TEST-MCQ TYPE

[1] The relation between velocity, wavelength and frequency can be given as _________
a) λ = c / r
b) λ = c / f
c) λ = c / h
d) λ = h*c / f


[2] Remote sensing uses which of the following waves in its procedure?
a) Electric field
b) Sonar waves
c) Gamma- rays
d) Electro-magnetic waves


[3] In visible region, the blue light is having a wave length range of __________
a) 0.42-0.52 micrometer
b) 0.24-0.52 micrometer
c) 0.42-0.92 micrometer
d) 0.22-0.32 micrometer




UNIT I REMOTE SENSING - CONTENTS
Definition , Components of Remote Sensing – Energy, Sensor, Interacting Body - Active and
Passive Remote Sensing – Platforms – Aerial and Space Platforms – Balloons, Helicopters,
Aircraft and Satellites – Synoptivity and Repetivity – Electro Magnetic Radiation (EMR) –
EMR spectrum – Visible, Infra-Red (IR), Near IR, Middle IR , Thermal IR and Microwave –
Black Body Radiation - Planck’s law – Stefan-Boltzman law.

, THEORY
DEFINITION AND PROCESS OF REMOTE SENSING

Introduction

Now-a-days the field of Remote Sensing and GIS has become exciting and glamorous
with rapidly expanding opportunities. Many organizations spend large amounts of money on
these fields. Here the question arises why these fields are so important in recent years. Two
main reasons are there behind this. 1) Now-a-days scientists, researchers, students, and even
common people are showing great interest for better understanding of our environment. By
environment we mean the geographic space of their study area and the events that take place
there. In other words, we have come to realize that geographic space along with the data
describing it, is part of our everyday world; almost every decision we take is influenced or
dictated by some fact of geography. 2) Advancement in sophisticated space technology
(which can provide large volume of spatial data), along with declining costs of computer
hardware and software (which can handle these data) has made Remote Sensing and G.I.S.
affordable to not only complex environmental / spatial situation but also affordable to an
increasingly wider audience.


REMOTE SENSING AND ITS COMPONENTS:
Remote sensing is the science of acquiring information about the Earth's
surface without actually being in contact with it. This is done by sensing and recording
reflected or emitted energy and processing, analyzing, and applying that information." In
much of remote sensing, the process involves an interaction also involves the
between incident radiation and the targets of interest.




Figure Components of Remote Sensing

, 1. Energy Source or Illumination (A) – the first requirement for remote sensing is to have
an energy source which illuminates or provides electromagnetic energy to the target of
interest.


2. Radiation and the Atmosphere (B) – as the energy travels from its source to the
target, it will come in contact with and interact with the atmosphere it passes through. This
interaction may take place a second time as the energy travels from the target to the sensor.


3. Interaction with the Target (C) - once the energy makes its way to the target through the
atmosphere, it interacts with the target depending on the properties of both the target and the
radiation.


4. Recording of Energy by the Sensor (D) - after the energy has been scattered by,
or emitted from the target, we require a sensor (remote - not in contact with the target) to
collect and record the electromagnetic radiation.


5. Transmission, Reception, and Processing (E) - the energy recorded by the sensor has to be
transmitted, often in electronic form, to a receiving and processing station where the data are
processed into an image (hardcopy and/or digital).


6. Interpretation and Analysis (F) - the processed image is interpreted, visually and/or
digitally or electronically, to extract information about the target which was illuminated.


7. Application (G) - the final element of the remote sensing process is achieved when
we apply the information we have been able to extract from the imagery about the target in
order to better understand it, reveal some new information, or assist in solving a particular
problem.


HISTORY OF REMOTE SENSING
1839 - first photograph
1858 - first photo from a balloon
1903 - first plane
1909 first photo from a plane
1903-4 -B/W infrared film
WW I and WW II
1960 - space

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