Exam 3: NSG550/ NSG 550 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Diagnostic Reasoning for Nurse Practitioners Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A

Exam 3: NSG550/ NSG 550 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Diagnostic Reasoning for Nurse Practitioners Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A Q: Acetylcholine receptor antibody test Answer: Used to diagnose acquired myasthenia gravis and monitor pt response to immunosuppressive therapy. MG is an autoimmune disease caused by antibodies that block or destroy receptors for Ach. MG s/s=muscle weakness and fatigue Q: Cholinesterase Answer: Identify patients with PChE deficiency before anesthesia or to identify those who maybe have been exposed to phosphate poisoning. Also performed on an amniotic fluid to identify neural tube defects. Q: EEG Answer: electrodiagnostic: graphical record of brain wave activity obtained through electrodes placed on the scalp and forehead. Evaluates for seizure, tumors, infarcts, brain death (coma). Q: Caloric study Answer: electrodiagnostic: Used to evaluate function of CN VIII (vestibulocochlear). Can indicate disease in temporal portion of the cerebrum. Part of a complete neuro examination. Done by a neurologist. Differentiates abnormalities of the vestibular system, brainstem, and cerebellum. Q: Electromyography (EMG) Answer: recording the strength of a muscle contraction as a result of electrical stimulation. Can identify primary muscle diseases and differentiate them from primary neurologic pathologic conditions. Q: Nerve Conduction Study Answer: Performed to identify peripheral nerve injury in pts localized or diffuse weakness, muscle atrophy, dysesthesia, paresthesia, and neurologic pain. Differentiates primary peripheral nerve disease from muscular injury. Q: Evoked Potential Studies Answer: Indicated for patients who have a suspected sensory deficit but are unable to indicate or are unreliable indicating recognition of a stimulus (infants, comatose pts, noncommunicative pts, malingering pts). Used to monitor natural progression or treatment of deteriorating neurologic diseases like MS. Q: Lumbar puncture Answer: Fluid study: performed on pts who become increasingly demented and confused. It is a test used to help diagnose Alzheimer's disease and other forms of senile dementia. Q: Tilt-table testing Answer: manometric study: provocative test to diagnose vasopressor and vasovagal syncope. These pts usually demonstrate symptomatic hypotension and syncope within a few minutes of being tilted upright by approximately 60-90 degrees. Performed with EP study. Q: Brain scan Answer: Nuclear study: image of the brain taken after injection of radioactive isotopes into the circulation. Nuclear cerebral flow brain scan is used to support diagnosis of cerebral brain death. Not as useful as CT, MRI, or PET scan. Identifies tumor, infarct, and infection involving cortex. SPECT brain scan=helpful in diagnosis of Parkinson's. Q: Ethanol Answer: evaluate alcohol-impaired driving or overdose Q: Landmarks of normal anatomy for brain, lumbar, and cervical spine Answer: The intervertebral foramen is a foramen btwn 2 spinal vertebrae. Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae all have intervertebral foramina. Nerves pass through the foramen from your spinal cord out to the rest of your body. Foraminal stenosis is the narrowing or tightening of the openings btwn the bones in your spine. When the foramen close in, the nerve roots passing through them can be pinched. Foramen can be seen on MRI of the cervical and lumbar spine. You will not see this on MRI brain. Q: Radiculopathy Answer: