MLS Hematology Exam| 263 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

MLS Hematology Exam| 263 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS What is the first type of cell produced by the developing embryo? Erythrocyte What percentage of tissue located in the bone marrow cavities of adults is fat? 50% Which of the following is not characteristic of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells? Express the stem marker CD13 In an adult, what are the two best areas for obtaining active bone marrow by aspiration? Posterior iliac crest, sternum What is the normal ratio of myeloid to erythroid precursors in bone marrow (M:E ratio)? 4:1 Which of the following does not accurately describe hematopoietic growth factors? Action of majority is lineage restricted In the third month of gestation, what is the primary site of hematopoiesis? Liver The mechanism that relays information about tissue oxygen levels to erythropoietin-producing sites is located in the: Kidney Antigen-independent lymphopoiesis occurs in primary lymphoid tissue located in the: Thymus and bone marrow Programmed cell death is called: Apoptosis In what area of the bone marrow does hematopoiesis take place? Cords Bone marrow cellularity refers to the ration of: Hematopoietic tissue to adipose tissue Interleukins and colony stimulating factors are cytokines produced by: Monocytes and T lymphocytes What is the approximate total blood volume in an adult? 6 L The myeloid progenitor cell can produce cells committed to: Granulocytic, erythrocytic, monocytic, or megakaryocytic lineages The largest hematopoietic cells in normal bone marrow are: Megakaryocytes When evaluating a bone marrow aspirate smear, which finding is considered abnormal? The presence of 10% myeloblasts on the cell differential count As most blood cell lines mature, which of the following is characteristic? Nucleus to cytoplasm ratio (N:C) decreases Which of the following describes thrombopoietin (TPO)? Hormone produced by the liver that stimulates megakaryopoiesis When the hepatic phase of fetal life is reactivated in an adult, hematopoiesis can be termed: Myeloid metaplasia or extramedullary What is the average life span of a normal red blood cell? 120 days The Na+-K+ cation pump is an important mechanism in keeping the red blood cell intact. Its function is to maintain a high level of: Intracellular K+ Which of the following depicts the structure of the hemoglobin molecule? Four heme groups, four globin chains Which of the following describes the process known as culling? Removal of abnormal red cells by spleen Hemoglobin forms that are incapable of oxygen transport include: Carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin The majority of iron found in an adult is a constituent of: Hemoglobin A senescent red blood cell is one that has: Lived its life span What red cell morphologic abnormality is described by the term "poikilocytosis"? Deviations from normal shape Howell-Jolly bodies are composed of: DNA When spherocytes are reported, what is observed on the peripheral blood smear? Red cells without a central pallor The red cells found in lead poisoning characteristically exhibit coarse granules composed of __________ that are reported as _________. Aggregated ribosomes; basophilic stippling Rouleaux of red blood cells when seen in the monolayer of a blood smear is characteristic of: Multiple myeloma Which of the following is most frequently associated with the inclusion bodies seen in Color Plate 1? Post-splenectomy Which of the following statements about iron absorption is true? Absorption increases when erythropoietic activity increases What term describes a mature red blood cell that contains iron granules or deposits? Siderocyte Which of the following is associated with a "shift to the left" in the oxygen dissociation curve of hemoglobin? Decreased oxygen release Which of the following statements does not characterize erythropoietin (EPO)? Decreases stimulation of erythropoiesis when cellular hypoxia increases Which of the following factors will result in an immediate increase in oxygen delivery to the tissues? Increased hemoglobin binding of 2,3-BPG Periods of intense erythropoietin activity cause premature release of marrow reticulocytes into the blood. Which of the following is not true of these early reticulocytes? Loss of residual RNA occurs immediately upon marrow release Which of the following inclusions is only visible with supravital staining? Heinz bodies The presence of schistocytes on the peripheral blood smear is commonly associated with: Increased red cell destruction Which of the following may be a sign of accelerated bone marrow erythropoiesis? Nucleated red cells in the peripheral circulation Microcytic, hypochromic red cells are most often associated with impaired: Hemoglobin synthesis When in bone marrow, nucleated red cells present would be staged as: Orthochromic normoblasts When acanthocytes are found on the blood smear, it is usually the result of: Altered membrane lipids Which erythrocyte metabolic pathway generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via glycolysis? Embden-Meyerhof Which of the following red blood cell precursors is the last stage to undergo mitosis? Polychromatophilic normoblast The major adult hemoglobin requires the synthesis of alpha-globin chains and: Beta-globin chains Defective nuclear maturation commonly results in the production of red cells that are: Macrocytic The major storage form of iron is: Ferritin The red cells observed on a peripheral blood smear show extreme anisocytosis with an equal number of macrocytes and microcytes. Which of the following values correlate with this finding? MCV 90.0fL, RDW 25.0% Excessive extravascular red cell destruction is associated with: Bilirubinemia Which protein is primarily responsible for transport of hemoglobin dimers resulting from intravascular hemolysis? Haptoglobin The morphologic abnormality characteristically found in hemoglobinopathies is: Codocytes Where do the early and late stages of heme synthesis occur? In mitochondria