Summary
Samenvatting Glucose homeostasis
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Prof Geert Callewaert
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HF 1: GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS1. Glucose transport
- Dunne darm:
o Apicaal: SGLT1 (sodium glucose transporter)
Secundair actef transport
o Basolateraal: GLUT2
- Nierepitheelcellen (glucose reabsorpte)
Geen glucose in urine
o DISTAAL: 2Na+/gluc SGLT
o PROXIMAAL: 1Na/gluc SGLT
Hyperglycemie:
Nierreabsorptedrempel
overschreden
o Gluc in urine
Infecte urinewegen
o Osmose H2O
Meer plassen
Dorst
De pancreas (alvleesklier)
- Endocriene klier:
o Eiwit secrete id darm verteringsenzymen
- Exocriene klier:
o Eilandjes v Langerhans (2% vd totale cellen pancreas)
A-cel (15%) glucagon
B-cel (70%) insuline
(Delta-cel)
Insuline en glucagon vrijzetting
Gearceerd: normale bloedglucosespiegel (5mm (of 90mg/dl) nuchter)
1. Hoge [glucose]:
- Vrijzetng insuline
- B-cel elektrisch actef (A-cel in rust)
2. Lage [glucose]:
- Vrijzetng glucagon
, - A-cel elektrisch actef (B-cel inactef)
Insuline secretie door B-cel
pancreas
- Na een maaltjd
o Glucose spiegel hoger
o Insuline vrijzetng hoger
- [Glucose]
- GLUT 1 :
Afniteit = 5mM
Neemt altjd glucose op
- GLUT 2:
Afniteit = 15-20mM
Actef bij hogere expressie glucose in B-cel
1. [glucose] stjgt
2. GLUT 2 actef
3. Glucose gefosforyleerd tot glucose- 6- fosfaat
4. Glucose door glycolyse omgezet in
pyrodruivenzuur
5. Mitochondrien
Verbranden
Oxidateve fosforylate
pyrodruivenzuur naar ATP
6. ATP/ADP verhouding verandert
7. ATP gevoelig K-kanaal geblokkeerd
Kir & SUR
K-conductante daalt
DEPOLARISATIE tot -40mV
8. L-type Ca2+ kanlen open
9. Ca instroom
10. TRAGE AP
11. Ca2+ infux door Ry receptor
CICR
12. Ca2+ zorgt voor snare complex (Ca bindt met
synaptotagmine)
13. Vesikels versmelten met membraan
14. INSULINE VRIJZETTING
- [AA]
- Niet alleen glucose zorgt voor insuline vrijzetng
- Eiwitrijke maaltjd (veel AZ + NT + hormonen)
o Depolarisate induceren
o insulinevrijzetng
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