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Police Academy Test 2 – Legal (Questions/Answers)
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Police Academy Test 2 – Legal (Questions/Answers)**Constitutional Law Correct Ans - Defines the type of goverment
we as americans have established for ourselves.. Defines our
representational government (executive, legislative, judicial) ...Standards
set fourth in the constitution and court decisions based on interpretations
of constitution.
**Statutory Law Correct Ans - Written and enacted by Congress,
state legislatures, or local government authorities in response to perceived
need to clarify functions of the government.
**Ordinances Correct Ans - Statutes enacted by municipal or
county government. Ordinances only apply to jurisdiction that made
them..Some can be criminal and some civil. ex.) curfews, parking
regulations
**Criminal Law Correct Ans - Unacceptable behavior. A type of
statute that has a specific punishment for the behavior.
**Civil Law Correct Ans - Pertains to legal action a person takes to
resolve a dispute with another person. Court provides a forum for the
parties to settle disputes.
The Articles of the constitution Correct Ans - Form the main body
of the constitution. Purpose is to spell out a contract between people of US
and US government regarding the authority of the three branches.
Supremacy Clause Correct Ans - In article VI, states that when laws
conflict, federal law generally will overrule state and local law.
1st Amendment Correct Ans - Protects freedom of speech, press,
peaceful assembly, and religion.
2nd Amendment Correct Ans - Right to bear arms
4th Amendment Correct Ans - Unreasonable search and seizure
and requires warrant.( right to privacy) This affects LEO entrance into
,homes, vehicles, luggage, purses. Use of force is considered a seizure and
must meet reasonableness requirement.
5th amendment Correct Ans - protect agains self incrimination,
double jeopardy. and deprivation of life, liberty or property without due
process of law. This could affect interviewing suspects
6th amendment Correct Ans - right to speedy trial, counsel,
impartial jury, and to confront witnesses.
8th amendment Correct Ans - Cruel and unusual punishment-
excessive bails and fines.
14th amendment Correct Ans - Expanded application of bill of
rights to state and local governments as well. done by the Due process
clause.
Due process clause Correct Ans - -Equal protection of the laws,
everyone afforded life liberty and property.
Case Law Correct Ans - Body of law formed by the decisions of the
court system. Court's interpretation of constitutional provisions, and
clarify meaning of a statute or rule.
Offense Correct Ans - Punishible under florida law. Criminal
offenses are either felony or misdemeanor. Non criminal or civil infractions
are punished by fines.
Felony Correct Ans - Any crime committed for which max penalty is
death or incarceration over a year. Capitol felony is highest.
Life Felony Correct Ans - Up to life imprisonment, 15,000 fine, or
both.
1st degree felony Correct Ans - max of 30 years and 10,000 fine
2nd degree felony Correct Ans - max of 15 years and 10,000 fine
3rd degree Correct Ans - max of 5 years and 5000
, Some crimes may be reclassified to next higher degree if... Correct Ans
- -against LEO
-wearing mask, hood
-bulletproof vest
-hate crimes
-possessing weapon
Misdemeanor Correct Ans - Any criminal offense with a max of up
to 1 year in jail.
Noncriminl violation Correct Ans - -Civil infraction, punihsment
may be fine, forfeiture.
Ordinance violation Correct Ans - civil penalty up to 500 or
imprisonent up to 60 days.
Mere Suspicion/consensual encounter Correct Ans - Voluntary
contact with citizen. Reasonable person would feel free to go. No coercion,
detention. " Mind if I ask you some questions?"
-Has to be in a lawful Place!
Mere Suspicion- Correct Ans - Hunch or gut feeling
Reasonable Suspicion Correct Ans - Standard needed to support a
terry stop or investigative stop. Facts must support the suspicion a person
is, has, or is about to commit a crime.
Terry Stop. Correct Ans - Brief detention of a person by police, on
reasonable suspicion but short of probable cause. Officer may not move
person from location (considered arrest)
Pretext stop Correct Ans - Stopping a car for another reason to
investigate something else.
Probable Cause Correct Ans - " based on totality of circumstances,
you have a fair probability that a crime has, is, or is about to be committed'
-ex, odor of weed, car coming up as stolen
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