Summary

Samenvatting Recht van onderop antwoorden uit de rechtssociologie

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Course
Rechtssociologie

Institution
Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (EUR)

Book
Ars Aequi libri - Recht van Onderop

Volledige samenvatting van het boek recht van onderop, antwoorden uit de rechtssociologie onder redactie van Weyers en Hertogh. Dit boek wordt gebruikt bij het vak rechtssociologie in jaar 1 op de Erasmus Universiteit.

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Number of pages 78
Written in 2013/2014
Type Summary

rechten
rechtssociologie
recht van onderop
weyers
hertogh
jaar 1

Book Title:Ars Aequi libri - Recht van Onderop

Author(s):Marc Hertogh, Heleen Weyers

Edition:juni 2011
ISBN:9789069167763
Edition:1

Institution
Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (EUR)
Education
Rechtsgeleerdheid
Course
Rechtssociologie

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INHOUDSOPGAVE

1. Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9

1.1. Perspectief ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
1.2. Rechtssociologie ...................................................................................................................................................9
1.3. Meerwaarde ............................................................................................................................................................. 9
1.4. Naleving ....................................................................................................................................................................9

2. Ambtenaren ..............................................................................................................................................................10

2.1. Bestuurskunde .................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.2. Modellen ................................................................................................................................................................ 10
2.3. Synoptische beleidsfasenmodel................................................................................................................ 10
2.4. Agendabouwtheorie ........................................................................................................................................ 10
2.5. Bureaupolitieke model .................................................................................................................................. 11
2.6. Rationaliteitenmodel ...................................................................................................................................... 11
2.7. Onderhandelen .................................................................................................................................................. 11
2.8. Onderhandelend bestuur ............................................................................................................................. 11
2.9. Aspecten ................................................................................................................................................................. 11
2.10. WCK ......................................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.11. Het postorderbedrijf........................................................................................................................................ 12
2.12. Vervolg ................................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.13. Het eindoordeel ................................................................................................................................................. 12
2.14. Hoekema................................................................................................................................................................ 12
2.15. Reacties op een nieuwe wet ........................................................................................................................ 13
2.16. Onderhandelend wetgeven ......................................................................................................................... 13

3. Effectiviteit ................................................................................................................................................................14

3.1. Wetten ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.2. Beleid ....................................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.3. Doelen ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.4. Evaluatie ................................................................................................................................................................ 14
3.5. Uitvoering ............................................................................................................................................................. 15
3.6. Soorten .................................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.7. Wanneer welk type .......................................................................................................................................... 15
3.8. Effecten ................................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.9. Wet op het huishoudelijk personeel van Noorwegen ................................................................. 16
3.10. De studie van Aubert ...................................................................................................................................... 16
3.11. John Griffiths ...................................................................................................................................................... 16
3.12. Het rookverbod .................................................................................................................................................. 16
3.13. Semiautonome sociale velden................................................................................................................... 17
3.14. Werking .................................................................................................................................................................. 17
1

, 3.15. Realistic evaluation ......................................................................................................................................... 17
3.16. Een voorbeeld ..................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.17. Interventies........................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.18. Eisen ......................................................................................................................................................................... 18
3.19. Mechanismen ...................................................................................................................................................... 18
3.20. Context.................................................................................................................................................................... 18
3.21. Individuen ............................................................................................................................................................. 18
3.22. Evaluaties van de wet ..................................................................................................................................... 19
3.23. Conclusies ............................................................................................................................................................. 19
3.24. Tips ............................................................................................................................................................................ 20

4. Zelfregulering..........................................................................................................................................................21

4.1. Regulering ............................................................................................................................................................ 21
4.2. Semi autonome sociale velden ................................................................................................................. 21
4.3. Alternatief ............................................................................................................................................................. 21
4.4. Witteveen ............................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.5. Beleid ....................................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.6. Kritiek ...................................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.7. Voordelen .............................................................................................................................................................. 22
4.8. Nadelen .................................................................................................................................................................. 22
4.9. Effectief................................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.10. Baarsma .................................................................................................................................................................. 22
4.11. Dorbeck-Jung e.a. .............................................................................................................................................. 23
4.12. Omstandigheden ............................................................................................................................................... 23
4.13. Bedreigingen ....................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.14. Andere factoren ................................................................................................................................................. 23
4.15. Effectiviteit ........................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.16. Van Boom e.a. ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
4.17. Zelfregulering en alternatieve regulering......................................................................................... 24
4.18. De overheid .......................................................................................................................................................... 24
4.19. De wetgever ......................................................................................................................................................... 24
4.20. Ondersteunende maatregelen................................................................................................................... 25
4.21. De toekomst ......................................................................................................................................................... 25

5. Rechtspluralisme....................................................................................................................................................26

5.1. Geschiedenis ........................................................................................................................................................ 26
5.2. Gluckman en Bohannan............................................................................................................................... 26
5.3. Griffiths .................................................................................................................................................................. 26
5.4. Normatieve ordes ............................................................................................................................................. 26
5.5. Begrippen .............................................................................................................................................................. 26
5.6. Rechtspluralisten .............................................................................................................................................. 27
5.7. Stromingen ........................................................................................................................................................... 27
2

, 5.8. Tamanaha ............................................................................................................................................................. 27
5.9. Wat is cultuur...................................................................................................................................................... 27
5.10. Gemeenschap ...................................................................................................................................................... 27
5.11. Begrip....................................................................................................................................................................... 27
5.12. Globalisering ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
5.13. Glocalisering ....................................................................................................................................................... 28
5.14. Interactie ................................................................................................................................................................ 28
5.15. Kenmerken ........................................................................................................................................................... 28

6. Ambtenaren ..............................................................................................................................................................29

6.1. Factoren .................................................................................................................................................................. 29
6.2. Street-level bureaucracies ............................................................................................................................ 29
6.3. Strategieën ............................................................................................................................................................ 29
6.4. Publieke diensten.............................................................................................................................................. 29
6.5. Kagan ....................................................................................................................................................................... 30
6.6. Onderzoek ............................................................................................................................................................. 30
6.7. Onderzoek ............................................................................................................................................................. 30

7. Effectiviteit ................................................................................................................................................................31

7.1. Handhaven ........................................................................................................................................................... 31
7.2. Aanbevelingen ................................................................................................................................................... 31
7.3. De staat ................................................................................................................................................................... 32
7.4. Government en governance....................................................................................................................... 32

8. Het werk van de politie .......................................................................................................................................33

8.1. Enkele kenmerken ........................................................................................................................................... 33
8.2. Autonomie ............................................................................................................................................................ 34
8.3. Politiewerk ............................................................................................................................................................ 34
8.4. Bittner ...................................................................................................................................................................... 34
8.5. De staat ................................................................................................................................................................... 34

9. Geschillen ..................................................................................................................................................................35

9.1. Stappen ................................................................................................................................................................... 35
9.2. Piramidestructuur ............................................................................................................................................ 35
9.3. De kans op problemen ................................................................................................................................... 35
9.4. Acties........................................................................................................................................................................ 35
9.5. Factoren .................................................................................................................................................................. 36
9.6. De advocatuur..................................................................................................................................................... 36
9.7. De afloop................................................................................................................................................................ 36
9.8. Internationaal ..................................................................................................................................................... 36
9.9. Conclusies ............................................................................................................................................................. 37

10. Procedures .................................................................................................................................................................38
3

, 10.1. Contracten ............................................................................................................................................................ 38
10.2. Conclusies ............................................................................................................................................................. 38
10.3. Redenen voor contractsluiting ................................................................................................................. 38
10.4. Procederen ............................................................................................................................................................ 38
10.5. Voordelen voor de repeat player ............................................................................................................. 39
10.6. Factoren .................................................................................................................................................................. 39

11. Rechtspraak...............................................................................................................................................................40

11.1. Naleving ................................................................................................................................................................. 40
11.2. Overtuigen ............................................................................................................................................................ 40
11.3. Naleving ................................................................................................................................................................. 40
11.4. Schikken ................................................................................................................................................................. 41
11.5. Alternative Dispute Resolution ................................................................................................................ 41

12. Multiculturele samenleving .............................................................................................................................42

12.1. Culturele argumenten ................................................................................................................................... 42
12.2. Culturele argumenten ................................................................................................................................... 42
12.3. Islamitische rechtbanken ............................................................................................................................. 42
12.4. Bet din ..................................................................................................................................................................... 42
12.5. De Roma................................................................................................................................................................. 42
12.6. Verhoudingen ..................................................................................................................................................... 43

13. Mediation ...................................................................................................................................................................44

13.1. Alternative Dispute Resolution ................................................................................................................ 44
13.2. Mediation............................................................................................................................................................... 44
13.3. Buurtbemiddeling ............................................................................................................................................ 44
13.4. Fasen......................................................................................................................................................................... 44
13.5. Opkomst ................................................................................................................................................................. 44
13.6. Nederlandse Mediators Instituut ............................................................................................................. 45
13.7. Verklaringen........................................................................................................................................................ 45
13.8. Court-annexed mediation ............................................................................................................................ 45
13.9. Echtscheiding en bemiddeling ................................................................................................................. 45
13.10. Institutionalisering .......................................................................................................................................... 45
13.11. Stromingen ........................................................................................................................................................... 45
13.12. Gegevens................................................................................................................................................................ 46
13.13. Belangwekkende verschijnselen .............................................................................................................. 46

14. Juridische beroepen ..............................................................................................................................................47

14.1. Autonomie ............................................................................................................................................................ 47
14.2. Verklaringen........................................................................................................................................................ 47
14.3. Leken........................................................................................................................................................................ 47
14.4. Eigen regels ......................................................................................................................................................... 47

4

, 14.5. Onderscheid ......................................................................................................................................................... 48
14.6. Specialisatie .......................................................................................................................................................... 48
14.7. Conclusies ............................................................................................................................................................. 48

15. De Ombudsman ......................................................................................................................................................49

15.1. Klachtbehandeling .......................................................................................................................................... 49
15.2. Klagers .................................................................................................................................................................... 49
15.3. Kanttekeningen ................................................................................................................................................. 50
15.4. Effecten ................................................................................................................................................................... 50
15.5. Beleidsaanbevelingen..................................................................................................................................... 50
15.6. Doorwerking ........................................................................................................................................................ 50
15.7. Meerwaarde .......................................................................................................................................................... 50

16. De burgers .................................................................................................................................................................51

16.1. Onderzoek ............................................................................................................................................................. 51
16.2. Nieuw onderzoek .............................................................................................................................................. 51
16.3. Soorten onderzoek............................................................................................................................................ 51
16.4. Vervreemding ..................................................................................................................................................... 51
16.5. Typen burgers..................................................................................................................................................... 52
16.6. Aanvaarding ........................................................................................................................................................ 52
16.7. Enkele conclusies.............................................................................................................................................. 52

17. Vertrouwen................................................................................................................................................................53

17.1. Verklaringen........................................................................................................................................................ 53
17.2. Criminaliteit ........................................................................................................................................................ 53

18. Aansprakelijkheidsrecht .....................................................................................................................................54

18.1. Aansprakelijkheid ............................................................................................................................................ 54
18.2. Rational distance ............................................................................................................................................... 54
18.3. Bereidheid tot een claim............................................................................................................................... 55
18.4. Immateriele schade ......................................................................................................................................... 55
18.5. Sociale doelen ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
18.6. Compensatie ........................................................................................................................................................ 56
18.7. Claimcultuur ....................................................................................................................................................... 56
18.8. Slachtoffers........................................................................................................................................................... 56
18.9. Preventie ................................................................................................................................................................ 57
18.10. Rechtsecomie ...................................................................................................................................................... 57
18.11. Invloed van verzekeringen.......................................................................................................................... 57
18.12. Veronderstellingen .......................................................................................................................................... 57
18.13. Prikkels ................................................................................................................................................................... 58
18.14. Taxatie ..................................................................................................................................................................... 58
18.15. Inzetten ................................................................................................................................................................... 58

5

, 18.16. Uitgangspunten ................................................................................................................................................. 58
18.17. Enkele opmerkingen ...................................................................................................................................... 58
18.18. Corrigerende rechtvaardigheid ................................................................................................................ 59
18.19. Organisaties ......................................................................................................................................................... 59
18.20. Slachtoffers........................................................................................................................................................... 59
18.21. Schade...................................................................................................................................................................... 60

19. Gelijkheid...................................................................................................................................................................61

19.1. Verschillende benaderingen ...................................................................................................................... 61
19.2. Ongelijkheid ........................................................................................................................................................ 61
19.3. Discriminatieverboden .................................................................................................................................. 61
19.4. Andere manieren .............................................................................................................................................. 61
19.5. Gelijkebehandelingsrecht............................................................................................................................ 62
19.6. Gelijkebehandelingsrecht............................................................................................................................ 62
19.7. Naming, blaming en claiming ................................................................................................................. 62
19.8. Victimisatie........................................................................................................................................................... 62
19.9. Eerlijk proces ....................................................................................................................................................... 62
19.10. Afdwingbaarheid .............................................................................................................................................. 63
19.11. Materiele gelijkheid ........................................................................................................................................ 63
19.12. Formele gelijkheid........................................................................................................................................... 63
19.13. Enkele conclusies.............................................................................................................................................. 63
19.14. Alternatieven....................................................................................................................................................... 63
19.15. Enkele opmerkingen ...................................................................................................................................... 64
19.16. Geschiedenis ........................................................................................................................................................ 64
19.17. Klager ...................................................................................................................................................................... 64

20. Arbeidsrecht .............................................................................................................................................................65

20.1. Regelingen............................................................................................................................................................ 65
20.2. Ingrijpen ................................................................................................................................................................ 65
20.3. Afspraken .............................................................................................................................................................. 65
20.4. Weinig stakingen .............................................................................................................................................. 66
20.5. Het arbeidsrecht ................................................................................................................................................ 66
20.6. Ontslag .................................................................................................................................................................... 66
20.7. Drie manieren..................................................................................................................................................... 66
20.8. Ziekte........................................................................................................................................................................ 66
20.9. Flexibiliteit............................................................................................................................................................ 66
20.10. Enkele conclusies.............................................................................................................................................. 67
20.11. Flexicurity ............................................................................................................................................................. 67
20.12. Kritiek ...................................................................................................................................................................... 67
20.13. Arbeidstijdenwet ............................................................................................................................................... 67
20.14. Vereenvoudiging .............................................................................................................................................. 67
20.15. Wet aanpassing arbeidsduur ...................................................................................................................... 67
6

, 20.16. Handhaving ......................................................................................................................................................... 67
20.17. Procedures............................................................................................................................................................. 68

21. Artsen...........................................................................................................................................................................69

21.1. Wetten ..................................................................................................................................................................... 69
21.2. Euthanasie............................................................................................................................................................. 69
21.3. Het recht ................................................................................................................................................................ 69
21.4. Wetten ..................................................................................................................................................................... 69
21.5. De Hoge Raad ..................................................................................................................................................... 69
21.6. KNMG ..................................................................................................................................................................... 69
21.7. Zorgvuldigheidseisen ..................................................................................................................................... 70
21.8. Factoren .................................................................................................................................................................. 70
21.9. Partijen .................................................................................................................................................................... 70
21.10. Andere landen .................................................................................................................................................... 70
21.11. De WGBO .............................................................................................................................................................. 70
21.12. Doel ........................................................................................................................................................................... 70
21.13. Griffiths .................................................................................................................................................................. 70
21.14. Directe effecten .................................................................................................................................................. 71
21.15. Semi autonoom sociaal veld ...................................................................................................................... 71
21.16. Toetsingscommissies ...................................................................................................................................... 71
21.17. Schriftelijke behandelweigeringen ........................................................................................................ 71
21.18. Meldingsprocedure .......................................................................................................................................... 71
21.19. Verschillen ............................................................................................................................................................ 71

22. Migratierecht............................................................................................................................................................73

22.1. Nederland.............................................................................................................................................................. 73
22.2. Migratierecht....................................................................................................................................................... 73
22.3. Controle.................................................................................................................................................................. 73
22.4. Koppelingswet .................................................................................................................................................... 73
22.5. Schijnhuwelijk .................................................................................................................................................... 73
22.6. Conclusies ............................................................................................................................................................. 73

23. Maatschappelijke betekenis ..............................................................................................................................75

23.1. Transitie ................................................................................................................................................................. 75
23.2. Effectiviteit ........................................................................................................................................................... 75
23.3. Typen ....................................................................................................................................................................... 75
23.4. Onderzoek ............................................................................................................................................................. 75
23.5. Implementatie .................................................................................................................................................... 76
23.6. Vereisten ................................................................................................................................................................ 76
23.7. Waarheidscommissies .................................................................................................................................... 76
23.8. Informatie ............................................................................................................................................................. 76
23.9. Verzoening............................................................................................................................................................ 76
7

, 23.10. Andere informatie ............................................................................................................................................ 76
23.11. Internationale vervolging............................................................................................................................ 77
23.12. Tribunalen ............................................................................................................................................................ 77
23.13. Problemen ............................................................................................................................................................. 77
23.14. Amnestie ................................................................................................................................................................ 77
23.15. Herstel ..................................................................................................................................................................... 77
23.16. Vormen ................................................................................................................................................................... 77
23.17. Conclusie ............................................................................................................................................................... 77

8

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