Chem 210 Exam 4 Questions and Correct Answers, Complete Solution 2024.
In order to make an alcohol we can do what types of reactions?
addition reactions and oxidation reactions of alcohol
What are the two types of addition reactions?
hydration of alkene and addition reactions of H2 to C=O
We...
Chem 210 Exam 4 Questions and Correct
Answers, Complete Solution 2024.
In order to make an alcohol we can do what types of reactions?
addition reactions and oxidation reactions of alcohol
What are the two types of addition reactions?
hydration of alkene and addition reactions of H2 to C=O
We need to figure out if alcohol is a...
1º, 2º, and 3º
Ketone addition of H2 to make an alcohol is what type of alcohol?
2º
Aldehyde addition of H2 to make an alcohol is what type of alcohol?
1º
Oxidation reactions of alcohols will decrease the number of C-H bonds and
increase the number of...
C-O bonds
Only what type of alcohols can be oxidized?
1º and 2º
If you oxidize a _________ alcohol it forms an aldehyde and H2.
1º
If you oxidize a ________ alcohol it forms a ketone and H2.
2º
What alcohols have no reaction?
3º
Why don't 3º alcohols react?
there is no H on C-OH to remove for oxidization
A phenol is a ______ acid.
weak
Phenols have what type of arrow?
equilibrium
Weak acids may also display what type of value?
Ka
Thiols have what formula?
R-SH
Would thiols have same, higher, or lower BP than alcohols?
lower, because stronger IMF in thiol is dip-dip and alcohol has Hydrogen bonding
An oxidation reaction between two thiols combines them and creates what type
of bond plus H2?
disulfide bond
A carbonyl group have what formula?
C=O
For the carbonyl C we must focus on what is bonded to it because what is
attached tells us what is our....
functional group
, Something with a carbonyl C could be an?
aldehyde, ketone, or carboxylic acid
What can oxidize to form a carboxylic acid?
aldehyde
1º alcohols can be oxidized how many times?
2 times
Only ______ alcohols can be oxidized twice.
1º
For the 2nd oxidation of the aldehyde to form a carboxylic acid the H off the H-
C=O is removed and a new bond of the double bond of ________ is formed.
O=C-OH
Why can aldehydes be oxidized one more time to make a carboxylic acid where a
ketone cannot be oxidized anymore?
to oxidize any aldehyde or ketone a bond must be broken and it takes less energy to
break a C-H part of an aldehyde than a C-C bond in a ketone
An aldehyde and alcohol can react to form a
hemiacetal
An -OH, -OR, -R, and -H off a C makes a
hemiacetal
All carboxylic acids are ______ acids
weak
Carboxylic acids only partially donate H+, are dual polar, and are an
equilibrium reaction with a Ka
If carboxylic acids have 1-4 C's our acids are polar and...
stay acting polar
If carboxylic acids have 5+ C's our acids are polar and...
instead will act nonpolar
An acid plus an alcohol creates a?
ester and water
A reaction with an acid and alcohol is what type of arrow?
equilibrium
If you add more acid or alcohol in an equilibrium reaction you shift the
equilibrium arrow towards the...
products
If you remove product in an equilibrium reaction you shift the equilibrium arrow
towards the...
product
If you add product in an equilibrium reaction you shift the equilibrium arrow
towards the...
reactant
Acids are reactants in acid plus alcohol to form an ester and water, and in...
acid/base reactions.
A carboxylic acid plus water forms a...
conjugate base and H3O+
A carboxylic acid plus NaOH forms a...
salt (ionic compound) and water
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