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Final Exam Review Nurs 6531 Deck 1 Question and answers 100% correct 2023/2024
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Final Exam Review Nurs 6531 Deck 1 Question and answers 100% correct 2023/2024
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Final Exam Review Nurs 6531 Deck 11. What are signs & symptoms of SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate
antidiuretic hormone)?: Increased production of ADH (antidiuretic hormone),
hyponatremia, concentrated urine (from excess water resorption), elevated urine
osmolality, mental status changes from cerebral edema.
2. Diabetes insipidus is associated with what sodium level?:
Hypernatremia 3. Psychogenic polydipsia results in urine that is:: diluted with
low osmolality and hyponatremia
4. How would you determine the cause of a patient's AKI who presents with
decreased urine output, history of neurogenic bladder, chronic foley,
dark urine, and Cr increase from 1.3 to 2.1 over 3 months?: Flush the foley
catheter to see if urine comes out and assess the patency of the catheter. This
action will unblock clogged sediment or biofilm from chronic bacteriuria.
5. When a female patient presents to the ER after sexual assault, what
medications should be offered prior to discharge?: Ceftriaxone,
azithromycin, Plan B, and Metronidazole.
6. Manifestations of Conn syndrome (hyperaldosteronism)?: hypernatremia,
hypokalemia, and hypertension
7. What causes Cushing syndrome?: Increased levels of glucocorticoids, can
be exogenous (from therapy) or endogenous (from adenoma or neoplasm).
8. Manifestations of Cushing syndrome?: hypertension, truncal obesity,
osteoporosis, skin fragility, and hyperglycemia.
9. What differentiates primary adrenocortical insufficiency from secondary
adrenocortical insufficiency?: Skin hyperpigmentation is present in primary
adrenocortical insufficiency
10. What is Trousseau's sign?: A carpal spasm elicited by compression of the
upper arm with a BP cuff that indicates hypocalcemia.
11. What is Chovstek's sign?: A hemifacial tic that is induced by tapping the
facial nerve below the maxilla that indicates hypocalcemia.
12. What is Babinski's sign?: An upward response (extension) of the hallux
when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. Can identify
spinal cord disease in adults.
13. What is Romberg's sign?: Loss of balance in standing when eyes are
closed. Usually indicating a loss of proprioception or lesion in the cerebellum.
14. What is Homan's sign?: pain on passive dorsiflexion of ankle, associated
with DVT.
15. What is the clinical presentation of Goodpasture's syndrome?: Urinalysis:
Specific gravity: 1.020. pH 5.5, 1+ albumin and large blood present.
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, Final Exam Review Nurs 6531 Deck 1
Chest XR positive for bilateral diffuse infiltrates.
BUN 30, Cr 3.0
Symptoms: dyspnea with hemoptysis
16. What is Goodpasture syndrome?: Damage to alveolar and renal glomerular
basement membranes by cytotoxic antibody.
17. Initial treatment for Goodpasture's syndrome?: Hospitalization, pulse dose
of steroids, begin plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide therapy.
18. Characteristics of Grave's disease: Ophthalmopathy (lid retraction, scleral
show, proptosis) and hyperthyroidism
19. What organism causes the formation of a staghorn calculus?: Proteus
mirabilus
20. What organism causes Toxic shock syndrome?: Staphylococcus aureus
21. What electrolyte disturbance is most likely to lead to tetany and
neuromuscular irritability?: Hypocalcemia
22. Features of hypercalcemia include?: "Stones, groans, moans, and bones."
Delerium and renal stones
23. When you see hypochloremia, the patient may have?: Metabolic Alkalosis
24. Hyperkalemia is associated with what cardiac abnormalities?: peaked
T-waves, wide QRS, and ventricular arrhythmias.
25. A patient presents with arcus cornea, LDL 285, TG 110, HDL 45, and
father died of an MI at age 45. What is his most likely diagnosis?:
Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
26. A fasting blood glucose level of 130 mg/dL indicates:: Diabetes
27. What are risk factors for ectopic pregnancy?: smoking, previous tubal
surgery, previous ectopic pregnancy, exposure to diethylibestrol, current IUD,
PID, advanced maternal age, infertilitiy for more than 2 years.
28. What hormones are most critical to replace in a patient at risk for
anterior pituitary insufficiency?: Glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormone
29. What is diabetes insipidus?: a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of
ADH which causes excessive water loss
30. CKD Stage 1: GFR >90 with evidence of renal damage, as indicated by
proteinuria.
31. CKD Stage 2: GFR 60-89
32. CKD Stage 3a: GFR 45-59
33. CKD Stage 3b: GFR 30-44
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