DAVITA STUDY GUIDE FINAL EXAM Questions And Answers with Complete Solutions

DAVITA STUDY GUIDE FINAL EXAM Questions And Answers with Complete Solutions Define the term AKI: - answer-spectrum of Kidney diseases - include acute renal failure/renal funchion changes Give 3 examples of pre-, intra- and post-renal causes of AKI: - answerPre blood loss/supply = hemorrhage shock, hypotension,clot, injuny, which leads to clottng Intra: inflammation within kidney, toxic medication, chemotherapy, and necrosis Post: Kidney stones, enlarged prostate malignancies Outline the treatment goals for a patient with AKI dialyzing in the out-patient facility How do you help in restoring kidney function? - answeryou emlinate the cause How do you protect kidneys from further injury? - answeranti-inflaminty, no drugs What is important when monitoring weight and BP? - answerWant the wet, hydrate to keep them making urine Aki patients are at increases risk for which complciations? - answerCVC which is more prone to infection What do you need to consider in regards to their vascular access? - answerCVC is ( prone to intection) avoid Explain the difference between AKI and CKD: - answerAKI = sudden onset and reveroible CKD= gradual onset and irreversible Outline the treatment goals for a patient with CKD: - answer- slow the progression - Manage complications - control symptoms education / treatment options What are the most common causes for CKD in the USA? - answer-diabetes hypertension - polycystic Kidney disesse (genetic) Why it is important to know what caused your patient's CKD? - answerto inquire about problems/you can take care of them correctly Kt/V What is 'K'? - answerClearance of UREA Adequacy of Dialysis What treatment factors decrease K? - answernot following (poor priming) time, blood flow rate, low long you are on treatment Adequacy of Dialysis Kt/V What treatment factors increase K? - answer|ager needles, fistula instead of CVC, time proper dialyzer Adequacy of Dialysis Kt/V What is 't? - answertime on dialysis Adequacy of Dialysis What factors influence 't? - answerhow long you are on dialysis, how well your access is running, how well you handle it Adequacy of Dialysis Kt/V What is V'? - answerVolume (volume on pt. body water) Adequacy of Dialysis What factors influence 'V'? - answeramputations, height, set, age Adequacy of Dialysis What is the suggested BFR for each needle gauge? - answer17: 200- 250 16: 250-350 15:350-450 14: 450-more Procedure for Post BUN lab draw: - answerturn of diaylsis blood flow rate or turn down to 50 m/min. Place machine into bypass redue BFR down to 160, wait 15 Sec. /drav artenal line Lab draws mistakes that would falsely increase Kt/V - answerdrawing before 15 secands, drawing from Venous-line [ only waiting 5 second] false high blood Lab draws mistakes that would falsely decrease Kt/V - answerdrawing after 15 seconds, too much saline Wait longer than 15 seconds Missing treatments - answerincreasing task of hospitalization Data Collection and Assessment What is the difference between data collection and assessment who does what? Assessment -Nurse - answerrequires