Study guide
Biological Area
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An overview of the core studies in the Biological Area in OCR Psychology A Level
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BIOLOGICAL AREABIOLOGICAL AREA
Assumptions:
1. We can understand differences in cognition and behaviour in terms of brain differences
and changes
● Brain is complex making it difficult to study but does mean that it can increase our
understanding
2. Differences in emotion, cognition and behaviour are genetically controlled
● This area suggests that all cognitive processes have influences in brain chemistry
3. Brain activity can be studied and related to observable, measurable changes
● This area focuses on measuring levels of brain activity through scientific and electronic
equipment
Strengths:
1. Scientific research methods
● This uses scientific equipment with techniques like MRI scans and PET scans to record
brain activity.
2. Leads to advances in understanding and practical applications
● Provides a lot of understanding as helps provide biological explanations and applications.
Weaknesses:
1. Lack of ecological validity
● However, lots of studies in this area suffer from low ecological validity as they mainly use
lab procedures due to the need to use scientific equipment
2. Reductionism
● This area on focuses on brain activity as an explanation for behaviour making it very
reductionist
SPERRY (1968)
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