GOVT 2305- EXAM I, II, III(2024) Questions And Answers Graded A+!!!

GOVT 2305- EXAM I, II, III(2024)GOVT 2305- EXAM I, II, III Which level of government writes the majority of all criminal laws? - ANS State governments Which level of government is not mentioned at all in the Constitution? - ANS city government What was the Supreme Court case United States v. Lopez important? - ANS It was the first time since the New Deal that the Supreme Court limited the power of Congress found under the commerce clause The Constitution expressly gave the Supreme Court the power of judicial review over Congress and the president - ANS False THe 1787 convention to draft a new constitution was held in - ANS Philadelphia Anti-federalists were good at cooperating with each other and coordinating their arguments against the Constitution - ANS False The principle of ____ allows the federal government the power to override any state or local law in one particular area of policy - ANS Preemption The Articles of Confederation had a national Supreme Court structures much like ours today - ANS False When the issue of slaver was discussed at the Philadelphia Convention, the Southern delegates wanted slaves counted - ANS As free for representation but not at all for taxation What is the Three-Fifths Compromise? - ANS It determined that three out of every five slaves would be counted for purposes of representation and taxation The man who was probably most responsible for the Connecticut Compromise was - ANS Ben Franklin Which of the following was not an argument against ratifying the Constitution - ANS It called for strict national voting requirements Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) was important because it - ANS established the supremacy of the national government in all matters affecting interstate commerce Which clause of the Constitution has been critical in allowing for the growth of national power? - ANS Commerce clause The Constitution intended to set rigid limits on the ___ level of governmet - ANS national Bicameralism is a constitutional principle that means - ANS division of Congress into two chambers Thomas Jefferson was an anti-federalist - ANS True Our government has changed from a system of ___ federalism when the Constitution first went into effect to a system of _____ federalism in our era - ANS dual, cooperative Why were states promised protection from invasion and riots? - ANS They were giving up their full-time armies so that the new central government could create one unified national army How has the structure of federalism allowed for the longevity of the US government? - ANS all of the above England let her American colonies govern themselves on a day to day basis because - ANS all of the above The Philadelphia Convention's economic expert was: - ANS Alexander Hamilton The main reason that the Articles government was usually bankrupt was: - ANS the Articles government couldn't force states to pay their taxes The Constitution allowed the ____ level of government to set voting requirements for its citizens - ANS state A marble cake accurately illustrates Cooperative Federalism - ANS True What was the purpose of the Annapolis Convention - ANS to discuss the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation The leaders of most countries in the Colonial period were chosen by - ANS divine right of kings What did the New Jersey Plan propose for Congress? - ANS Representation would be equal for each state If the federal government compelled state governments to obey costly regulations but did not reimburse the costs, it is called a - ANS unfunded mandate During the Articles period, states could set their own foreign policy - ANS True Which event did the most to cause the rise of a more active national government? - ANS the Great Depression The Constitution delegated the power to coin money to the states - ANS False American colonists really didn't have a concept of being Americans until well after the Revolutionary War, and saw themselves mostly as British citizens of whichever colony they lived in - ANS True Federal officials seeking to give state governments more authority are most likely to support - ANS block grants The use of implied powers eroded the balance of power between the central and state governments that had been set up by the 10th Amendment - ANS true The Great Compromise led to the - ANS creation of a bicameral Congress The government in Washington was able to force states to lower their speed limits and raise their drinking ages by threatening to withhold a portion of each state's - ANS federal highway money When the federal government sets environmental standards that every state must follow, it is an example of - ANS regulated federalism States' reserved the powers are listed word for word in the Implied Powers clause of the Constitution - ANS False Under the Articles of Confederation, it was left to the ___ to execute the laws passed by Congress - ANS states Under the United States first constitution - ANS there was no president The supreme law in the United States is/are the - ANS US Constitution What have many political scientists called laboratories of democracy - ANS the states Which of the following was not a way the framers tried to make the Senate a check against excessive democracy - ANS Senators are the only officials immune from impeachment The central government promised states that it would not seize their land by guaranteeing - ANS territorial integrity How was power in Congress divided under the Articles of Confederation? - ANS Each state had an equal vote What is the main purpose behind the privileges and immunities clause of Article IV? - ANS It prevents a state from giving special favors to its own residents or discriminating against nonresident If a state grants a city the ability to govern its own local affairs, this delegation of power is known as - ANS home rule Which of the following was not one of the writers of the Federalist Papers - ANS John Adams Shays Rebellion was significant because it - ANS convinced many observers that the government of the Confederation had become dangerously inefficient and indecisive ____ was the father of our Constitution - ANS James Madison A ____ form of government is characterized by the central government having most or all of the power to make rules for a nation - ANS Unitary The Constitution limited the power of the federal government in order to promote ____ - ANS trust The authority of the states to regulate the safety, health and even morals of their citizens is called ____ power - ANS police The small states' plan at the Constitutional Convention was called the ___ plan - ANS New Jersey Supporters of the Constitution argued for ratification in a series of articles called the ____ - ANS Federalist Papers The ____ system was designed to make England rich at the expense of the colonies - ANS Mercantile The ____ powers are granted to the states by the 10th Amendment - ANS reserved Taxes on ___ were the most common form of taxation during the colonial era - ANS commerce ___ democracies are characterized by having all their citizens vote for each issue, rather than delegates voting on behalf of the citizens - ANS Direct The Constitution could only go into effect when ___ of the 13 states ratified it - ANS 9 The issue of counting slaves was settled in our constitution with the ___ Compromise - ANS Three-Fifths ___ was the most problemative city in North America for the king of England during the colonial period - ANS Boston The ____ model of government allowed colonists more governmental input than they would have had back in Europe and was widely copied by other colonies - ANS Massachusetts The ____ was written by Puritans to help them face the American wilderness, but became a successful plan of government - ANS Mayflower Compact ____ best describes the way that England allowed the American colonies to govern their day to day affairs during most of the colonial period - ANS Salutary Neglect Article ___ of the Constitution created the judicial branch - ANS III Article ___ created Congress - ANS I Article ___ created the executive branch - ANS II Article ___ of the Constitution established federal-state obligations and set rules for state to state relations - ANS IV The power to declare war is given to whom under the constitution? - ANS both houses of congress What was the main reason that Alexander Hamilton did not want a Bill of Rights? - ANS He believed it was unnecessary for a government that possessed only specifically delegated powers In Lawrence v. Texas (2003) the Supreme Court ruled that - ANS laws criminalizing gay sexual behavior are a violation of the right to privacy The goal of the War Powers Resolution was to - ANS limit the power of the president to commit American troops to military action without authorization from Congress ___ is the claim that the electorate has given the winner of a presidential election a special authority to carry out her or his plans - ANS mandate The ____ rule forbids the introduction in trial of any piece of evidence obtained illegally - ANS exclusionary The right to legal counsel in a criminal proceeding is guaranteed by the - ANS sixth amendment Which of the following types of speech does not receive full First Amendment protection - ANS all of the above receive less than full protection (slander, fighting words, obscenity) When the president infers powers from the rights, duties, and obligations of the presidency, these are called - ANS inherent powers The requirement that persons under arrest be informed of their right to remain silent is known as the ___ rule - ANS Miranda The decline of voting and political participation by Americans has which of the following effects? - ANS It enhances the power of the president while weakening congress Executive agreements are different from formal treaties in that they - ANS do not have to be approved by the senate The fifth amendment protection against self-incrimination means that - ANS you cannot be forced to be a witness against yourself Through the act of delegating powers, the national structure of government in the 1930s went from ___ to ___ - ANS legislative centered; presidential centered The wall of separation between church and state is best found in what clause of the constitution - ANS the establishment clause The controversy over suspicion-less drug tests at school and in the workplace pits the government's war on drugs against the right - ANS to privacy from unwarranted searches Once delegates are chosen to the electoral college, they can vote for whomever they choose - ANS true When the electoral college does not pick a president what happens? - ANS The House of Representatives picks the new President The constitutional basis for the nationalization of the Bill of Rights is - ANS the 14th amendmnet The process by which the supreme court has expanded specific parts of the Bill of Rights to protect citizens against state actions as well as federal actions is called - ANS selective incourporation VP Tiffany becomes president when the president is assassinated in 2015. There is a year and a half left in the unfinished term. Tiff runs for reelection in 2016 and wins. Based on our current constitutional rules, is she eligible to run for reelection in 2020? - ANS yes The president's power generally seems to decrease in times of war - ANS false The turning point in American politics toward a president-centered government came about during the administration of - ANS Franklin D. Roosevelt Which of the following created the President's cabinet - ANS Presidential practice An executive order is - ANS a rule or regulation issued unilaterally by the president, with the status of a law The main political value of the vice president is to - ANS bring the president votes in the election from a group or region that would not otherwise be a likely source of support Due process of law in the United States is generally defined by the - ANS Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth amendments Franklin Roosevelt's speaking tours and radio broadcasts fireside chats allowed him to - ANS all of the above (reach over, establish, drum up) The number of electors each state has in the electoral college equals - ANS its number of representatives in the House plus its number of Senators Most states use which method to determine how their Electoral college votes will be awarded - ANS winner-take-all When the government blocks the publication of material it does not want released, this is known as - ANS prior restraint What did the framers mean to accomplish by the indirect election of the president - ANS to make the president responsible to state and national legislatures Why is the president's State of the Union address important? - ANS It is an opportunity for the president to set the legislative agenda by initiating proposals and directing pubic attention to the executive goals This early 19th century court case said that a state did not have to give its citizens the freedoms promised in the US Constitution's Bill of Rights - ANS Barron v. Baltimore Which of the following statements about the cabinet is incorrect? - ANS The cabinet does not meet as a group, except during the State of the Union address The court case that created judicial review was called - ANS Marbury v. Madison About what did Justice Potter Stewart confess, I know it when I see it? - ANS pornography Which of the following best reflects the Supreme Court's position on commercial speech, such as advertisements? - ANS Advertisements receive limited First Amendment protection The right to privacy is expressly granted in the 11th amendment - ANS false When Congress changes the spirit of the constitution, its usually called congressional ___ - ANS elaboration The ___ amendment protects you from double jeopardy - ANS fifth ___ was the only person to serve as a US president without being elected either president or vice-president - ANS Gerald Ford The vice-president's only constitutional duty is to preside over the ___ - ANS senate The ___ amendment keeps the government from cutting off your hand when it catches you shoplifting - ANS eighth The ___ amendment protects us from unreasonable searches and seizures - ANS fourth The current secretary of state is named ____ - ANS John Kerry The minimum number of electoral votes that a presidential candidate needs to win it ___ - ANS 270 When a president does something not specifically allowed in the constitution and gets away with it, presidents who follow him can continue his ___- - ANS precedent The ___ amendment gave electoral college representation to the residents of the district of columbia - ANS twenty third The president's base salary is currently ____ per year - ANS $400,000 The central government guarantees that they can have a militia and might guarantee citizens they can own weapons with the ___ amendment - ANS second The ___ amendment clarified vice-presidential succession and allowed for temporary transfers of power from the president to the vice-president - ANS twenty-fifth The lemon test involved the ___ clause of the constitution - ANS establishment The ___ clause of the 1st amendment protects an individual's right to believe and practice whatever religion she or he chooses - ANS free exercise The ___ is the informational designation for the heads of the major federal governmental departments - ANS cabinet Which president was the inspiration for the 22nd amendment? - ANS FDR The right against ___ prevents the government from trying person twice for the same crime - ANS double jeopardy The 1973 supreme court case that said states couldn't stop women from having abortions in the 1st trimester of pregnancy was - ANS Roe v. Wade Which of the following will usually be the strongest influence on a person's future voting patters - ANS the way the persons family voted in the past A high school dropout who digs ditches is more likely to vote republican than democrat - ANS false Members of Congress can represent the people in two ways: as a ___, a member of congress acts on the express preferences of his or her constituency; as a ____, a member is more loosely ties into constituents and makes the decisions he or she thinks are best - ANS delegate, trustee Why does the House have greater party unity than the Senate? - ANS House leaders have more organizational control over the actions of representatives than Senate leaders do A senator or representative running for re-election is called the - ANS incumbent The idea of ____ identifies the best representative as one who shares similar racial, ethnic, religious, or occupational backgrounds with those she or he represents - ANS sociological representation In recent years, approximately what percentage of House members seeking reelection successfully win their race? - ANS 95 As the population in the US grows and shifts, which regions of the country have benefited from recent apportionment? - ANS South and west The process of allocating congressional seats among the fifty states is called - ANS apportionment Which of the following best describes a way in which the House differs from the Senate? - ANS The house is more centralized and organized than the senate What are the most common private bills proposed in Congress? - ANS bills for permanent visas for foreign nationals When the House and Senate coordinate two versions of the same bill, they often use a _____ to obtain a single unified bill - ANS conference committee Pork-barrel legislation - ANS deals with specific, sometimes unnecessary, projects and their location within a particular congressional district The most common occupation among members of Congress before coming to Congress is - ANS lawyer When two members of Congress who share no common interests agree to support each other's bills, the practice is called - ANS logrolling Ovesight can best be described as - ANS the efforts of congress to supervise the manner in which its laws are implemented by the executive branch The free-rider problem occurs because - ANS the benefits of a groups actions are broadly available and cannot be denied to nonmembers Which of the following statements is true? - ANS Voting equipment varies from county to county throughout the US If you voted for a republican for president and for a democrat for senator in the same election, you engaged in - ANS split ticket voting What is the main difference between elections in a democracy and elections under an authoritarian regime? - ANS democratic regimes allow for viable opposition, while the leaders do not permit themselves to lose under authoritarian government Most of the responsibility for conducting public elections rests with - ANS state and local governments Approximately how many members does the AARP have? - ANS 38,000,000 Most European nations employ what system of elections? - ANS proportional representation During midterm elections, voters are electing - ANS members of congress Political scientists call voters choices that focus on future behavior____. While those based on past performances are called ____ - ANS prospective voting; retrospective voting Before the 1890s, who was responsible for printing election ballots? - ANS political parties A benefit that is sought by an interest group and that once achieved cannot be denied to nonmembers is called a - ANS collective good When a voter must be registered with a party prior to voting in that party's election, it is called - ANS a closed primary The term soft money refers to - ANS money donated to a party to sponsor party building and voter registration Private groups that raise and distribute funds for election campaigns are called - ANS political action committees The majority of PACs represent - ANS business and professional groups When a group is called a membership association, it means that - ANS members play an important role in the daily activities of the group What is a referendum? - ANS It is the practice of voting directly for proposed laws The right of candidates to spend their own money on running for office - ANS is protected absolutely by the first amendment, according to the supreme court case of Buckley v. Valeo ___ was probably the strongest Senate Majority Leader in the last 75 years - ANS Lyndon B. Johnson Impeachment (not removal) happens - ANS In the house by a simply majority How many members of the US House of Reps are elected from each state? - ANS It depends on each state's population The person who wields the most power in the Senate is the - ANS majority leader The "one man, one vote" concept in the key 1962 gerrymandering case means - ANS If you're in an unfairly drawn district, your vote counts less than it would in a fairly drawn district The salary of senators is - ANS the same as that of Representatives When a conference committee reaches an agreement on how to resolve differences between House and Senate versions of a bill, it is then called a ____ bill - ANS compromise Executive responsibilities of the senate include - ANS approving presidential appointments and treaties The constitution gives the House of Reps the power to - ANS Introduce all revenue bills Filibusters do not happen in the US House of Reps - ANS True Assuming it has enough time, a conference committee has three chances to produce a compromise bill that the House and Senate will both agree to support - ANS true The Senate Rules Committee can place parts of a bill off-limits to debate or amendment in the senate - ANS false The Majority leader will grant the floor to speakers in the senate - ANS false The majoirty leader will assign bills to committee in the House - ANS false The congress that is meeting this year is the - ANS 113th (actually the 114th) The right to use the mails to keep in touch with constituents back home is called the ____ privilege - ANS Franking Our current House Majority Whip is named - ANS Steve Scalise The districts for Texas' members of the US House are drawn in - ANS Austin US Senators have ___ year terms in office - ANS 6 The most powerful person in the House of Reps is ____ - ANS Speaker of the House The man who took the democrat parts from a conservative stance to a liberal stance was - ANS Franklin D. Roosevelt The ____ amendment keeps congress from giving themselves a big, immediate raise - ANS 27th A ___ committee is set up for a limited, specific purpose, such as investigate the Watergate scandal - ANS select The current house minority whip is named - ANS Steny Hoyer Drawing district lines to help or hurt a certain person or group of people is called - ANS gerrymandering It takes ____ votes to pass a bill in the house when all the reps are present and voting - ANS 218 The 1962 Supreme Court case of ___ v. ____ marked the federal governments first attempt to stop states from drawing district lines unfairly - ANS Baker v. Carr The powers given In Article one of the constitution that give specific, detailed power to congress are called ___ powers - ANS delegated Committees kill roughly ___ percent of the bills submitted by congress - ANS 80, 85, 90, 95, 80+ Our current Speaker of the House is named - ANS John Boehner Our current House majority leader is named - ANS Kevin McCarthy You must be at least ____ years old to run for a seat in the US house - ANS 25 The house committee that decides what the US military budget will be and how that money is spent is called the _____ committee - ANS Armed Services Which party currently enjoys a majority in the senate - ANS republican Texas has how many representatives in the US house - ANS 36 What is the significance of dissenting opinions? - ANS Dissents are signs that the court is in disagreement on an issue and could change its ruling Which of the following best describes the role of the solicitor general? - ANS the lawyer who represents the US before the supreme court in cases where the federal government is a party In recent years, federal court appointments have - ANS been characterized by intense partisan and ideological offers to support or defeat the candidate What is the main function of the chief justice of the Supreme Court? - ANS The chief justic presides over the courts public sessions and private conferences Approximately what percentage of all court cases in the US are heard in federal courts? - ANS 1 % Which of the following is the essence of the rule of law? - ANS every state must judge government officials by the same laws as its citizens are judged When the supreme court refuses to review a lower-court decision, announcing this decision through a brief unsigned opinion, it is called ___ opinion - ANS a per curiam The phrase stare decisis means - ANS let the decision stand A single lawsuit involving thousands of smokers using a tobacco company would be a good example of - ANS a class action suit Prior cases whose principles are used by judges to decide current cases are called - ANS precedents How did the great depression change american attitudes about welfare? - ANS It revealed that poverty could be caused by a flawed economic system, not just by personal irresponsibility Which of the following social policies is the most costly to the government? - ANS Social security Which of the following can be concluded from the results of thee 1996 Welfare reform? - ANS The reforms have reduced the number of people on welfare but have done little to reduce poverty What do public opinion polls reveal about welfare policies - ANS The are among the most disliked governmental programs What was the most significant education policy developed by the federal government in the nineteenth century - ANS the establishment of the land grant colleges Who was in charge of caring for the poor during the nineteenth century - ANS both A and C (private charities and local government) What was outdoor releif distributed by private charities? - ANS money Approximately what percentage of the current federal budget is spent on entitlement programs, such as social security and medicare - ANS 55 % Medicare is a ___ program; Medicaid is a ___ program - ANS contributory, non contributory A cost of living adjustment is primarily based on what? - ANS the rate of inflation Questions And Answers Graded A+!!!