Summary notes ( AQA Psychology for A Level Year 1 & AS Student Book ) - Social Influence
4 views 0 purchase
Course
Social Influence
Institution
AQA
Book
AQA Psychology for A Level Year 1 & AS - Student Book
All you need to know Summary notes on social influence, taken from AQA year 1/as psychology textbook and summarised further. Got 24/24 just by reviewing my notes.
TYPES OF CONFORMITY AND EXPLANATIONS
FOR CONFORMITY
Pps - participants
INTERNALISATION - When someone becomes so immersed in
group norms that they take on the beliefs of the groups even when
group pressure is discontinued.
COMPLIANCE - When someone goes along with what a group is
saying but does not actually believe in the view, change in behaviour
stops when group pressure stops.
IDENTIFICATION - When someone goes along with a group because
that group has something the person values, such as friendship,
change in behaviour stops when group pressure stops.
NORMATIVE SOCIAL INFLUENCE - NSI is an explanation for
conformity, including superficial types of conformity such as
compliance and identification. NSI is an emotional process as it is due
to the human need to be liked and fit in with other groups of people.
INFORMATIONAL SOCIAL INFLUENCE - ISI is an explanation
for conformity, which includes internalisation. This type of conformity
is not superficial and has a lasting effect as beliefs become
internalised. ISI is a cognitive process as it is to do with the human
need to be correct.
EVALUATION OF ISI AND NSI
STRENGTH - Evidence support for NSI, when Asch's pps were
interviewed and debriefed , most participants stated that they knew
the answer was wrong but they wanted to not seem as different or
'foolish'.
STRENGTH - Evidence support for ISI, experiment of Lucas et al
who made people do a series of maths questions ranging in difficulty,
when questions were easy, pps relied on their own knowledge to
answer but when questions were hard pps conformed.
, LIMITATION - In real life, NSI and ISI work together and sometimes
it is hard to tell which one is at work, therefore the two-process theory
may be limited in the way it divides and separates the two processes.
LIMITATION - McGhee and Tavern came out with a specific type of
personality, nAfilliators who have an abnormal need to fit in and
make social relationships, both NSI and ISI do not account for
dispositional factors therefore making it an incomplete argument.
CONFORMITY AND ASCH
ASCH'S BASELINE STUDY - Asch has 123 American male
participants take part in a test they thought was to test their 'vision'.
They took part in groups of 6-8 and the real participant was always
seated in end. Unknown to them, the rest of the 'participants' were
confederates and would purposely give the wrong answer to an
obvious line task. Asch found that roughly 1/3 of participants in each
study conformed and 25 percent of pps never conformed at all.
VARIATIONS - Asch tested for unanimity within pps and even with
one dissenting confederate who have a (different) incorrect answer,
conformity rates plummeted.
Asch further tested for group size, varying the confederates from 1-15
and found that conformity rates levelled off after 3 confederates at
31.8 percent.
Asch then tested for task difficulty and found that conformity
increased as the task got harder. He then asked pps to write their
answers down instead of saying them aloud, conformity rates dropped
to 12.5 percent.
ETHICS - Deception was present in this study as Asch lied to pps that
it was test on vision. The right to withdraw was not made explicitly
clear to participants and there was no protection from harm for pps
who may have felt very peculiar and foolish for disagreeing with the
majority opinion. There was also a lack of informed consent as
participants were unaware that the other 'pps' were actually
confederates.
EVALUATION OF ASCH
STRENGTH - Research support for task difficulty from Lucas et al
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ksenvg. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.77. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
