STAT PEARLS- CHSOS Exam – Questions With Solutions
What are the 6 hierarchical levels of Bloom Taxonomy? ✔️Ans - The
revised Bloom taxonomy has six hierarchical levels: remember, understand,
apply, analyze, evaluate, and create
Remember- Recall and understanding show basic knowledge of a topic.
When a learner moves to the evaluation phase, he/she has the ability to
diagnose and treat but move beyond that towards critically appraising
other methods.
Understand
Apply- When a learner applies information, he/she can show how they
understand the knowledge and use it in clinical practice.
Analyze
Evaluate
Create
What type of simulation is stopped repeatedly during the scenario? When
is this type of simulation used? ✔️Ans - RAPID CYCLE DELIBERATIVE:
Feedback in rapid cycle deliberative practice comes during multiple pauses,
and micro debriefs within the scenario. Microdebriefing and the
subsequent repetition of some or all of the scenarios allow for the
incorporation of this feedback during iterative cycles of the simulation.
Rapid cycle deliberative practice allows for multiple learning points to be
addressed during different micro debriefs. Highly scripted, algorithmic
cases, such as those in a resuscitation, have been studied for use in rapid
cycle deliberative practice.
A medical simulation program has been started at a facility. While
participants seem to enjoy their simulation scenarios, the post-course
surveys suggest that they would like better-quality feedback on how they
have done. Before the next simulation course, a literature review of recent
trends in simulation debriefing is done, and a new debriefing technique is
,considered to improve the learning experience. Which of the following
innovations is most likely to improve the quality of debriefing for the
participants? ✔️Ans - Giving observers specific tasks to complete while
they observe their peers during a scenario and using these during the
feedback session. There is some evidence for the use of "collaboration
scripts," which are instructional tools with content-specific roles and
activities for non-active participants to complete while they watch others.
These may result in better quality feedback for the participants at the end
of each scenario.
High-fidelity simulation is appropriate at all four levels of Miller's pyramid
of clinical competence. What are all four levels of Miller's pyramid of
clinical competence? And examples of how each level is tested. ✔️Ans -
An understanding of educational principles such as Miller's pyramid of
clinical competence and Benner's novice-to-expert model, guide the
determination of the appropriate level of fidelity.
"Shows how" refers to the demonstration of clinical skills, which can be
tested by OSCE, standardized patients, clinical exams, etc. (competency).
"Does" refers to the top of the pyramid and correlates to daily patient care,
which can be assessed by direct observation in clinical settings
(performance).
"Knows how" refers to the application of knowledge and can be tested by
clinical problem-solving.
"Knows" refers to the bottom of the pyramid and correlates with
knowledge, which can be tested by written exams.
Miller's pyramid and how it is tested (simplified) ✔️Ans - Knows- written
exams
Knows how- clinical problem solving
Shows how- OSCE, clinical exams
Does- direct observation in clinical setting
In Miller's pyramidal model, a learner progresses from knowledge (having
knowledge about a procedure) to competence (having knowledge about
how to do a procedure) to performance (being able to demonstrate the
procedure) to action (actually performing the procedure in the field).
, What are latent organizational weaknesses? ✔️Ans - unknown human
errors in a system from the past that do not surface until triggered by
another event.
"If you pit a good performer against a bad system, the system will win
every time."
what is deliberate practice? ✔️Ans - Deliberate practice is an educational
framework that encompasses defined and achievable learning objectives,
focussed and repetitive practice, and informative and personalized
feedback in the form of a debrief. These factors ensure that set tasks and
skills can be practiced, and feedback can be delivered in a consistent and
highly educational format.
Simulation with deliberate practice has been shown to be more effective
than traditional methods of teaching in multiple studies. However,
simulation cannot replace the benefits of actual clinical experience.
Deliberate practice is an insight into the skills we are learning. This insight
allows for further development, and if performed several times, the learner
becomes a teacher and can modify the technique based on experience.
Deliberate practice is a higher level of understanding and learning where
the mechanical part of a skill has already being dominated as well as the
functionality of the procedure.
Deliberate practice is not just a mechanical achievement. It is also having
an insight into the procedures we are performing as well as understanding
the steps.
Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Technical Skills (C-SATS) ✔️Ans -
Crowdsourcing refers to a model used by an organization in which
unbiased observers or "the crowd" perform a service. In procedural skills
assessment, a video recording of the performance is shared with the crowd,
and then they are asked to evaluate the performance using an assessment
instrument.
The crowd is usually comprised of a big number of observers that are
trained to examine the videos using the same instructions.
What are the 6 hierarchical levels of Bloom Taxonomy? ✔️Ans - The
revised Bloom taxonomy has six hierarchical levels: remember, understand,
apply, analyze, evaluate, and create
Remember- Recall and understanding show basic knowledge of a topic.
When a learner moves to the evaluation phase, he/she has the ability to
diagnose and treat but move beyond that towards critically appraising
other methods.
Understand
Apply- When a learner applies information, he/she can show how they
understand the knowledge and use it in clinical practice.
Analyze
Evaluate
Create
What type of simulation is stopped repeatedly during the scenario? When
is this type of simulation used? ✔️Ans - RAPID CYCLE DELIBERATIVE:
Feedback in rapid cycle deliberative practice comes during multiple pauses,
and micro debriefs within the scenario. Microdebriefing and the
subsequent repetition of some or all of the scenarios allow for the
incorporation of this feedback during iterative cycles of the simulation.
Rapid cycle deliberative practice allows for multiple learning points to be
addressed during different micro debriefs. Highly scripted, algorithmic
cases, such as those in a resuscitation, have been studied for use in rapid
cycle deliberative practice.
A medical simulation program has been started at a facility. While
participants seem to enjoy their simulation scenarios, the post-course
surveys suggest that they would like better-quality feedback on how they
have done. Before the next simulation course, a literature review of recent
trends in simulation debriefing is done, and a new debriefing technique is
,considered to improve the learning experience. Which of the following
innovations is most likely to improve the quality of debriefing for the
participants? ✔️Ans - Giving observers specific tasks to complete while
they observe their peers during a scenario and using these during the
feedback session. There is some evidence for the use of "collaboration
scripts," which are instructional tools with content-specific roles and
activities for non-active participants to complete while they watch others.
These may result in better quality feedback for the participants at the end
of each scenario.
High-fidelity simulation is appropriate at all four levels of Miller's pyramid
of clinical competence. What are all four levels of Miller's pyramid of
clinical competence? And examples of how each level is tested. ✔️Ans -
An understanding of educational principles such as Miller's pyramid of
clinical competence and Benner's novice-to-expert model, guide the
determination of the appropriate level of fidelity.
"Shows how" refers to the demonstration of clinical skills, which can be
tested by OSCE, standardized patients, clinical exams, etc. (competency).
"Does" refers to the top of the pyramid and correlates to daily patient care,
which can be assessed by direct observation in clinical settings
(performance).
"Knows how" refers to the application of knowledge and can be tested by
clinical problem-solving.
"Knows" refers to the bottom of the pyramid and correlates with
knowledge, which can be tested by written exams.
Miller's pyramid and how it is tested (simplified) ✔️Ans - Knows- written
exams
Knows how- clinical problem solving
Shows how- OSCE, clinical exams
Does- direct observation in clinical setting
In Miller's pyramidal model, a learner progresses from knowledge (having
knowledge about a procedure) to competence (having knowledge about
how to do a procedure) to performance (being able to demonstrate the
procedure) to action (actually performing the procedure in the field).
, What are latent organizational weaknesses? ✔️Ans - unknown human
errors in a system from the past that do not surface until triggered by
another event.
"If you pit a good performer against a bad system, the system will win
every time."
what is deliberate practice? ✔️Ans - Deliberate practice is an educational
framework that encompasses defined and achievable learning objectives,
focussed and repetitive practice, and informative and personalized
feedback in the form of a debrief. These factors ensure that set tasks and
skills can be practiced, and feedback can be delivered in a consistent and
highly educational format.
Simulation with deliberate practice has been shown to be more effective
than traditional methods of teaching in multiple studies. However,
simulation cannot replace the benefits of actual clinical experience.
Deliberate practice is an insight into the skills we are learning. This insight
allows for further development, and if performed several times, the learner
becomes a teacher and can modify the technique based on experience.
Deliberate practice is a higher level of understanding and learning where
the mechanical part of a skill has already being dominated as well as the
functionality of the procedure.
Deliberate practice is not just a mechanical achievement. It is also having
an insight into the procedures we are performing as well as understanding
the steps.
Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Technical Skills (C-SATS) ✔️Ans -
Crowdsourcing refers to a model used by an organization in which
unbiased observers or "the crowd" perform a service. In procedural skills
assessment, a video recording of the performance is shared with the crowd,
and then they are asked to evaluate the performance using an assessment
instrument.
The crowd is usually comprised of a big number of observers that are
trained to examine the videos using the same instructions.
