Intermediate Wildland Fire Behavior:S-290 Exam Study Guide Graded A 2024

Seven Wild-land Fire Environment Factors. - -Terrain - Fuel Characteristic -Fire Triangle -Wind - Fuel Moisture -Stability - Fuel Temperature Weather factors relating to wild and fire behavior. - temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric stability, windspeed and direction,precipitation Topographic factors important to woodland fire behavior. - Elevation, position on slop, aspect, shape of the country, steepness of slope Fuel Factors important to wild-land fire behavior. - Fuel loading, size and shape, compactness, horizontal continuity, vertical continuity, chemical content. Conduction - The transfer of heat from one molecule to another. Convection - The transfer of heat from the motion of air. Radiation - The transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves. The three methods of mass transport of firebrands are - convection, wind, gravity How many ft in 1 chain? - 66 ft Spotting - Fire producing sparks or embers that are carried by the wind and start new fires beyond main fire. Surface Fire - Fire that burns service litter, debris, and small vegetation. Running - Fire spreading rapidly with a well defined head. Creeping - Fire burning with a low flame and spreading slowly. Smoldering - Fire burning without flame and barely spreading. Crown Fire - Fire that advances from top-to-top of trees or shrubs more or less independently of the surface fire. Ground Fire - Fire that consumes the organic material beneath the surface litter. Flare-up - Sudden acceleration of fire spread or intensity, but of relatively short duration. Flaming Front - the zone of a moving fire within which combustion is primarily flaming. Fire-whirl - A spinning, moving column of ascending air rising with in a vortex and carrying aloft smoke, debris, and flames. Torching - Fire moving from surface fuels into the crowns of individual trees, but not necessarily from one crown to another. Topography can directly and indirectly affect fuels and their availability for combustion. - True Of the three primary environmental factors that influence fire behavior, which is the least variable? - Topography The least critical form of heat transfers that influences rate of spread in a running woodland fire is. - Conduction The point to which a combustible material must be heated to produce self-sustaining combustion is know as the? - Ignition Temperature Fireline intensity is dependent upon... - Fuel size, fuel moisture, fuel temperature, fuel compactness and arrangement. Two requirements for long-range spotting are wind and well-developed convection column. - True A fire advances through canopies of brush and tress is known as a? - Crown Fire Troposphere - The lowest layer of the atmosphere is the troposphere. Standard Atmospheric Pressure - 14.7 pounds per sq inch Nearly all the heating of the earths surface and its atmosphere comes from? - The Sun Which substance will hold heat the longest? - Water Why do dry climates usually have greater temperature differences between night and day than humid climates? - There is less water vapor in the air to hold in heat at night and reflect radiation during the day. The presence and thickness of clouds has little effect on the temperature at the earths surface. - False