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ATLS study cards With Complete Solution

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ATLS study cards With Complete Solution Latest practice questions with correct answers graded A

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  • February 18, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
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ATLS study cards With Complete Solution
Latest practice questions with correct
answers graded A
Vertical shear fracture - ANSWER>>Line of three fractures commonly between the
inferior, superior ramus and iliac crest

Vertical shear fracture mechanism - ANSWER>>Unilateral axial force

Vertical shear fracture appearance - ANSWER>>Three fractures through one side of
the pelvis is displaced superiorly


Arthritis - ANSWER>>joint inflammation

arthritis mechanism - ANSWER>>Age caused degeneration

Arthritis appearance - ANSWER>>Irregular bone margins and narrowed joint spaces

Hangman's fracture - ANSWER>>Fracture of the C2 pedicles

Hangman's mechanism - ANSWER>>Forced distraction and extension

Hangman's appearance - ANSWER>>Vertically oriented fracture in the posterior aspect
of C2

Jefferson's fracture - ANSWER>>Bone fracture of the C1 vertebrae

Jefferson's mechanism - ANSWER>>High energy axial load e.g. diving in shallow water

Jefferson's appearance - ANSWER>>First cervical vertebrae fractured in 2 or more
places, uneven distance between C1 and C2

Clay Shoveler's Fracture - ANSWER>>Avulsion fracture of the spinous process of C6 or
C7

Clay Shoveler's mechanism - ANSWER>>Hyperflexion/ extension with an decelerative
or accelerative force

Teardrop fracture - ANSWER>>Small oblique fracture of the anterior inferior vertebral
body comprising stability of multiple vertebrae

Extension teardrop fracture - ANSWER>>C2

, Flexion teardrop fracture - ANSWER>>C5/6 (very serious)

Teardrop mechanism - ANSWER>>Can be flexion or extension most commonly related
to MVA

Teardrop appearance - ANSWER>>Small chip or the anterior cervical vertebrae

Wedge fracture - ANSWER>>Comminuted fracture of a vertebral body on one point

Wedge mechanism - ANSWER>>Compression axial force

Wedge appearance - ANSWER>>Compressed vertebral body into a wedge shape
usually anteriorly

Burst fracture - ANSWER>>Communicated fracture of a vertebral body with the addition
of retropulsion of body structures

Burst mechanism - ANSWER>>Compression axial force

Burst appearance - ANSWER>>Wedge looking fracture with disruptions of one of the
vertebral lines

Odontoid peg fracture - ANSWER>>Fracture of the C2 odontoid process

Odontoid peg appearance - ANSWER>>Three types

Zygapophyseal joint dislocation - ANSWER>>Anterior displacement of one vertebral
body on another

Zygapophyseal joint mechanism - ANSWER>>Distraction and force or striking the
posterior aspect

Zygapophyseal joint appearance - ANSWER>>Vertebral body out of line

atlanto-occipital dislocation - ANSWER>>Ligamentous separation of the spinal column
from the skull base

Atlanto-occipital dislocation mechanism - ANSWER>>Distractionary force

atlanto-occipital joint dislocation appearance - ANSWER>>Gap between the cervical
spine and skill base

Vertebral osteophytes and cervical stenosis - ANSWER>>Condition where the spinal
canal is too small for spinal cord and nerve routes

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