RCES Exam 2024 -2025 RCE Actual Exam Update Latest 2024 -2025 Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+ What ionic flows occur across the cardiac muscle cell membrane during the plateau (phase 2) of the action potential? - ANSWER -Ca++ enters, K+ exits What is the response o f cardiac tissues paced during the relative refractory period (RRP)? Compared to fully depolarized cells, stimulation in the RRP ______ - ANSWER -
require higher mA but creates a weaker contraction What is required to sustain a reentry circuit? - ANSWER -- two parallel pathways connected proximally and distally - one pathway conducts slower than the other -one pathway has a longer refractory period Overdrive suppression - ANSWER -The pause after rapid atrial pacing ceases (The pause induced in an automatic focus by a temporarily overdriving pacemaker The "triggered" mechanism may cause... - ANSWER -an arrhythmia What mechanism causes triggered arrhythmias? - ANSWER -After depolarization Triggered arrhythmias are often associated with... - ANSWER -digitalis toxicity or elevated inter ventricular Ca++ levels Which arrhythmia most closely resembles an "itch of the heart" in acutely ill patients? - ANSWER -Automatic arrhythmias What informati on does the "stem" channel contain? - ANSWER -A pacing output What french size is a catheter with an outer diameter of 2.66 mm? - ANSWER -8 French The outside diameter of a 5.5 fr catheter is... - ANSWER -1.83 mm Closely spaced bipolar cardiac electrodes r ecord local... - ANSWER -depolarization only (phase 0) Surface ECG leads are usually filtered at - ANSWER -0.1 to 100 Hz Normal EGM filter settings for bipolar EP catheters are... - ANSWER -30-300 Hz If large T waves in an electro gram interfere with A or V wave recognition you should... - ANSWER -raise the high -pass filter A porous tip steroid -emitting tip on a pacemaker lead is beneficial because they reduce the acute... - ANSWER --Stimulation threshold -inflammation reaction Compared to the permanent pa cemaker, the temporary pacer has... - ANSWER -
constant current and generated up to 20 volts When connecting a bipolar pacing lead to the PSA or pulse generator, the distal electrode should be connected to the ________ terminal. - ANSWER -black active negati ve terminal During typical AFL ablation it is best to use_______ RF catheters to prevent _______ - ANSWER -- cooled, - pulmonary embolism The most anterior heart valve is the - ANSWER -pulmonary valve The CS os is located - ANSWER -posterior to the tricuspid valve the fossa oval is located - ANSWER -superior to the CS os the crista terminalis is located - ANSWER -anterior to the IVC The atrial appendage is located - ANSWER -superior to the fossa ovalis The posterior border of the triangle of koch is the - ANSWER -CS os the superior boarder of the triangle of koch is the _______ and normally contains the ________ - ANSWER --tendon of todaro -Fast AV node pathway the triangle of koch is defined by the foll owing structures within the right atrium... - ANSWER -- the osmium of the coronary sinus (posteriorly) -the anterior portion of the tricuspid valve annulus -the tendon of todaro (a tendinous structure connecting the valve of the IVC ostium to the central f ibrous body) Most high frequency depolarization sound in AF patients orginate from the.... - ANSWER -muscular sleeves in the PVs What is another word for the 'posterior -lateral LV wall' - ANSWER -LV free wall
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