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Summary foundational concepts aba
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foundational concepts in aba and pbs and summary of ethics journals
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Intro to Applied Behavioral Analysis and Positive Behavior Support& Ethical conduct of assessment and intervention with
Behavior analysis is a science
What is behavior analysis
- A natural science
o Branch of science that deals with the physical world
- Interested in the relations between behavior and the events that influence its occurrence
o Event can be environmental or internal
- Looks for lawful relations btwn behavior and the events surrounding
- These lawful relations can then be harnessed to develop interventions aiming to either
increase a person’s skills,…
What is a science
Systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world
Focuses on 3 levels of understanding: description, prediction, and control (function relation)
- It takes this same
Description: the systematic observation of a phenomenon in allows scientist to describe it
accurately (this enhances our understanding of subject matter)
Prediction: identifying patterns related to the subject matter
For example: repeated observations reveal that 2 events consistently covary with each other
Control: the highest level of scientific understanding – occurs when a function relation has been
identified between events, following an experimental manipulation of variables
ABA description
- Systematically observing behavior in order to describe it
- Often involves counting or timing behavior, for example
o How often I take a drink
o How long it takes someone to fold all the laundry
o The time between bites of food
o How often a child hands in their homework across a term
Then we display that data with an appropriate graph/chart/ visual
ABA Prediction
- Investigating relations between behavior and its antecedents (things that happen
immediately before) and consequences (thing that happen immediately after) Noticing
patterns
- For example:
, o Identifying that when the doorbell rings, the homeowner opens the front door and
greet the person standing there
o Noticing that a child is more likely to abscond (escape) from school when there is
a certain number of staff present
o Noticing that behaviors that challenge occur more often in the evening than in the
morning
Displaying information in positive correlation, negative correlation, or no
correlation
ABA Control
- Manipulating variables in a systematic way to demonstrtate a functional relation between
variables and behavior (more than just notcing patterns)
- For example:
o Conducting lessons with different members of staff present and recoring the effect
on absconding behavior
o Varying task difficulty and recording the effects on noncompliant behavior
(leaving the desk, putting head on desk, etc.)
o Implrementing a reading interventions and measuring effects on reading abilitu
Brief History
Skinner – credited as the father of behavior analysis
Radical behaviorism is the underpinning of behavioral analysis
Mentalism explanations tend to be circular (example: Juliana is having a tantrum bc she has a
weak superego. How do we know she has a weak superego? Bc she has lots of tantrums)
Choice
What are some challenges in respecting choices?
- Do they understand the choice? The access to that choice? The repercussions, the
consequences, etc.?
As practitioners, what ways might we involve ppl with IDD more in their own
support/intervention?
- Consult them, adapt your communication to involve them as much as they can be
involved depending on their development level. Consult them on the outcomes
How might we support someone to make choices if they currently have difficulty with this?
- Consulting stakeholders, asking the person with IDD if they are okay with you making
the choice for them, or who would they like to be making this choice for them
(stakeholder; parent, sibling, teacher, etc.)
- Using more adaptive communication like pictures, sign language, etc.
- Observing body language; are they turning away? To help indicate what they are
interested in
- Preference assessments*
Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts (BACB 2020)
*Know this code in and out link on Moodle
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