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Samenvatting alle bacteriën: microbiologie en infectieziekten $6.73
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Samenvatting alle bacteriën: microbiologie en infectieziekten

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Deze samenvatting bevat een compacte beschrijving van alle bacteriën die in de les bacteriologie voorkomen aan de KUL. Het is gebaseerd op het boek van Prof. Van Eldere: medische bacteriologie, en de slides van tijdens de les. Het bevat enkel een samenvatting van de bacteriën, dus niet de eerste ...

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  • Samenvatting van alle bacteriën (niet de eerste hoofdstukken)
  • February 22, 2024
  • 73
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary
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BACTERIËN
PROF J. VAN ELDERE




2022-2023
LIES VAN DER PERREN

,Inhoudsopgave

INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................ 3

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE ............................................................................................................... 5

NIET-OMKEPSELDE HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE ...................................................................................... 8

MORAXELLA CANTARRHALIS .................................................................................................................. 10

MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE ................................................................................................................ 11

CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE ............................................................................................................ 13

LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA................................................................................................................... 15

MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS ......................................................................................................... 17

BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS ......................................................................................................................... 20

CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTERIAE ........................................................................................................... 22

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES .................................................................................................................. 24

HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE KAPSELTYPE B ............................................................................................ 27

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS ....................................................................................................................... 29

ESCHERICHIA COLI .................................................................................................................................. 31

SALMONELLA ENTERICA ......................................................................................................................... 33

SHIGELLA ............................................................................................................................................... 35

YERSINIA ENTEROCOLITICA .................................................................................................................... 36

VIBRIO CHOLERA .................................................................................................................................... 38

CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI, COLI............................................................................................................... 40

HELICOBACTER PYLORI ........................................................................................................................... 42

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE ......................................................................................................................... 44

SALMONELLA TYPHI EN PARATYPHI ....................................................................................................... 46

LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES................................................................................................................... 47

BACTEROÏDES FRAGILIS .......................................................................................................................... 48

CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM .................................................................................................................... 49

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.................................................................................................................... 51

STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS EN ANDERE COAGULASE NEGATIEVE STAPHYLOCOCCEN ..................... 54

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI ............................................................................................................................ 55



1

,BORRELIA BURGDORFERI ....................................................................................................................... 57

LEPTOSPIRA INTERROGANS .................................................................................................................... 59

BACILLUS ANTHRACIS............................................................................................................................. 60

CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS .................................................................................................................. 62

TREPONEMA PALLIDUM ......................................................................................................................... 64

NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE .................................................................................................................... 67

CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS ................................................................................................................... 69




2

, BACTERIËN DIE VIA DE LUCHTWEG
BINNENDRINGEN

INLEIDING

BELANG RESPIRATOIRE TRACTUS VOOR INFECTIES
= frequenste toegangspoort (70% van de infecties)
Onderscheid tussen infecties lagere en hogere luchtwegen
- Pharyngitis en tonsilitis, otitis, sinusitis, epiglottitis, laryngitis en tracheitis, difterie (bovenste)
- Pertussis, bronchitis, pneumonie
- Tuberculose (onderste)


NATUURLIJK VERDEDIGINGSSYSTEEM VAN DE RESPIRATOIRE TRACTUS
Bovenste luchtwegen:
• Mucuslaag op slijmvliezen à deeltjes via ritmische bewegingen van cilia naar keel
geborsteld (dan uitgespuwd of ingeslikt à dood door maagzuur)
• Lymfoide weefsle thv neus keel overgang à immuunantwoord
• !! in bovneste luchtwegen is er een commensale flora aanwezig (kunnen soms nr de sinussen
gaan om infecties te verorzaken) à door commensale flora moeilijker voor andere bacteriën
om zich hier te vestigen
o Ook rol in resistentie tegen AB
• Nasopharynx à secretie lysosyme (celwand afbreken), sIgA, lactoferrine (Ijzer binden dat de
bacteriën nodig hebben zodat ze er geen meer hebben), fagocyten

Lagere luchtwegen
• steriel
• Als er bacteriën in alveolen geraken, dan gefagocyteerd door alveolaire macrofagen
• IgG

FACTOREN DIE VERDEDIGIGN AFZWAKKEN
- Cilia verlamd geraken door sigarettenrook
- Bepaalde aandoeningen (mucoviscidose) kan een taai mucus geven
- Vernauwing luchtwegen door astma aanval
- Alveolaire macrofagen geimobiliseerd geraken door partikels die ze niet kunnen vernietigen
(asbest)
- Longabnormaliteiten, chronische ontstekingen, diabeste, alcoholisme, verlies bewustzijn,
verlamming, intubatie

BESMTTING MET MICRO-ORGANISMEN
Door externe bacteriën of bacteriën van de commensale flora (vooral in pharynx à streptococcus
pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae)
Door rijke bevloeiing longen ook gevoelig voor infecties die via bloed aangevoerd worden (bv
staphylococcus aureus)


3

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