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1.1 Curriculum: In the Foundation Phase, the curriculum refers to the planned sequence of learning
experiences that LEARNERS will go through during their schooling. It includes the subjects taught, goals
and objectives, teaching methods, and assessment strategies. For example, the Foundation Phase
curriculum may include subjects such as mathematics, literacy, and life skills, with the aim of developing
LEARNERS' foundational knowledge and skills.
1.2 Teaching: Teaching in the Foundation Phase involves designing and delivering lessons to help
LEARNERS learn and develop their knowledge and skills. Teachers use a variety of teaching methods,
such as storytelling, games, hands-on activities, and group work, to engage LEARNERS and make learning
fun and meaningful. For example, a teacher may use storytelling to introduce a new concept in literacy
or use hands-on activities to teach basic mathematical concepts.
1.3 Management skills: Management skills in the Foundation Phase context refer to the ability to
organize and oversee various aspects of teaching and learning, such as classroom management, time
management, and LEARNER behavior management. Good management skills help ensure that the
learning environment is conducive to LEARNER learning and achievement. For example, a teacher with
strong management skills will effectively plan lessons, organize classroom activities, and address
LEARNER behavior issues in a timely and effective manner.
1.4 Multigrade classes: Multigrade classes in the Foundation Phase refer to classrooms where LEARNERS
from different grade levels are grouped together and taught by a single teacher. This often occurs in
small schools with limited resources or in rural areas. Teaching in a multigrade class requires teachers to
differentiate instruction and provide individualized support to LEARNERS at different levels of learning.
For example, a teacher in a multigrade class may need to plan lessons that cater to the diverse learning
needs of LEARNERS in different grade levels, while also ensuring that all LEARNERS are engaged and
making progress.
1.5 Africanisation: Africanisation in the Foundation Phase context refers to the process of incorporating
African languages, cultures, and perspectives into the curriculum and teaching practices. This helps
LEARNERS learn about and appreciate their own cultural heritage, as well as develop a sense of pride in
being African. For example, a teacher may use African folk tales or traditional songs in literacy lessons,
incorporate African history and traditions into social studies lessons, or celebrate African holidays and
events with LEARNERS.
, QUESTION 2
1. Tablets: Tablets can be used in the Foundation Phase for interactive learning activities,
educational games, access to digital books and resources, and multimedia presentations.
Teachers can use tablets to create engaging lessons, provide instant feedback to LEARNERS, and
differentiate instruction based on individual learning needs.
2. Interactive Whiteboards: Interactive whiteboards can enhance teaching and learning in the
Foundation Phase by allowing teachers to display digital content, annotate lessons in real-time,
and engage LEARNERS in interactive activities. Teachers can use interactive whiteboards to
create visually stimulating presentations, collaborate with LEARNERS on problem-solving tasks,
and facilitate group discussions.
3. Laptops: Laptops are versatile tools that can be used in the Foundation Phase for research, project-
based learning, digital storytelling, and collaborative work. LEARNERS can use laptops to conduct online
research, create multimedia presentations, and collaborate with peers on group projects. Teachers can
also use laptops to access educational resources, create lesson plans, and communicate with LEARNERS
and parents.
4. Document Cameras: Document cameras can be used in the Foundation Phase to display worksheets,
books, and other learning materials to the entire class. Teachers can use document cameras to
demonstrate problem-solving strategies, model writing skills, and showcase LEARNER work. Document
cameras can also be used for live demonstrations, science experiments, and art projects.
5. Educational Apps: Educational apps can be used on smartphones and tablets in the Foundation Phase
to support learning in various subjects, such as literacy, numeracy, science, and social studies. Teachers
can recommend educational apps to LEARNERS for practice, reinforcement, and enrichment of key
concepts. Educational apps can also be used for personalized learning, assessment, and to provide
additional resources for LEARNERS who need extra support.
QUESTION 3
Management:
1. Focuses on tasks and processes: Management involves organizing, planning, coordinating, and
controlling various aspects of the school operations to ensure efficiency and effectiveness.
2. Involves decision-making: Managers make decisions based on data, policies, and guidelines to
accomplish specific goals and objectives.
3. Ensures day-to-day operations: Managers are responsible for overseeing the daily activities of
the school, such as scheduling, budgeting, and LEARNER discipline.
4. Represents stability and order: Managers maintain the status quo and ensure that things run
smoothly according to established processes and procedures.
Example: A school principal who is responsible for creating the school timetable, managing the budget,
and ensuring compliance with educational policies and regulations is demonstrating management skills
in the primary school context.
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