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Summary Social Psychology Chapter 9

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Social Psychology - Chapter 9

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  • September 24, 2018
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  • 2017/2018
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Social Psychology – Chapter 9 – Prosocial Behavior

Why People Help: Motves or Prosocial Behavior

Empathy-Altruism: It Feels Good to Help Others

Empathy – the capacity to be able to experience other´s emotonal statess eel sympathetc
toward thems and take their perspectve (no automatc process)
 Emotonal emaah y – involves sharing the eelings & emotons o others (emotonal
aspect)
 Emaah ic accuracy – involves perceiving others´ thoughts & eelings accurately
(cognitve component)
 Emaah ic concern – involves eelings o concern or another´s well-being
 these components are related to diferent aspects o prosocial behavior & have
diferent long-term efects
 high level o empathic accuracy  getting along well with others

Empathy-altruism hypothesis – suggests that at least some prosocial acts are motvated
solely by the desire to help someone in need

Mirror Neurons: A Biological Foundaton or Emaah y – and Helaing Oh ers
 The higher an individual´s capacity to experience empathys the greater the actvity in
mirror neuron system
o ASD: reduced capacity to experience empathy  reduced actvity in mirror
neuron system
o Motor neurons: only actvated when observing emotons
o Compassion training increases actvity in mirror neuron regions

Negatve-State Relie : Helping Can Reduce nnpleasant Feelings

Negative-state relie� model – engagement in a prosocial act primarily as a way to improve
one’s own negatve mood

Empathic Joy: Feeling Good by Helping Others

Empathic joy hypothesis – suggests that helpers enjoy the positve reactons shown by
others whom they help
 Crucial or helper to know that actons had positve impact on the victm
 Functonal relatons ia – link between helping others and eeling positve emotons
exists everywheres but is stronger in some cultures

Compettve Altruism: Why Nice People Sometmes Finish First

Competitive altruism – important reason that people help others is that doing so boosts
their own status and reputatons and ultmately brings them large benefts

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