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PVL3704 Assignment 1 (DETAILED ANSWERS) Semester 1 2025 - DUE 13 March 2025 $2.71
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PVL3704 Assignment 1 (DETAILED ANSWERS) Semester 1 2025 - DUE 13 March 2025

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PVL3704 Assignment 1 (DETAILED ANSWERS) Semester 1 2025 - DUE 13 March 2025 .....................100 % TRUSTED workings, explanations and solutions. For assistance call or W.h.a.t.s.a.p.p us on +/ 2/ 5/ 4 /7 /7 /9 /5 /4 /0 /1 /3 /2 . Question 1 Discuss (by reference to relevant case law) the req...

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PVL3704
ASSIGNMENT 1 SEMESTER 1 2025
UNIQUE NO.
DUE DATE: 13 MARCH 2025

, PVL3704

Assignment 1 Semester 1 2025



Unique Number:

Due Date: 13 March 2025

Enrichment Liability and Estoppel

Question 1

Requirement that the Enrichment Must Have Been Sine Causa (Without Legal
Cause)

In the law of unjustified enrichment, a claimant must establish that the defendant’s
enrichment occurred sine causa—that is, without a valid legal justification. This principle
ensures that a party is only obligated to return benefits received in circumstances where
there was no lawful basis for retention. Various legal systems recognize this
requirement, albeit with some differences in interpretation. The following discussion
refers to relevant case law to illustrate this requirement.

1. Definition and General Principles

The requirement that enrichment must be sine causa means that the benefit received by
the defendant must lack a legal ground that justifies retention. Legal grounds include
contractual obligations, statutory provisions, or judicial orders. If a valid cause exists,
enrichment is not unjustified, and restitution will not be available.

2. Case Law Illustrating Sine Causa

1. McCarthy v Absa Bank Ltd (2010)
o This case dealt with a mistaken bank payment made to a recipient who
had no right to the funds. The court held that because the enrichment

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