Exam (elaborations)
HESI Pharmacology V1 Questions and Correct Answers.
- Course
- Institution
HESI Pharmacology V1 Questions and Correct Answers.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
WiseWoman
Content preview
2023-2024 HESI Pharmacology V1Questions and Correct Answers
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum calcium level is
13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?1.
Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWERS:3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium
gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a
result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin,
a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the
serum calcium concentration.
Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse
instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item?
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice - CORRECT ANSWERS:4. Orange juice
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed to administer
the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the
iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple
juice.
Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client,
knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic toxicity from this
medication?
,1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased Respirations - CORRECT ANSWERS:1. Tinnitus
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result. Symptoms
include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not
associated with salicylism.
The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse
reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun - CORRECT ANSWERS:4. At least 30 minutes before
exposure to the sun
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun so that they
can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming or sweating
Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury. When applying the
medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of the following is the most
appropriate nursing action?
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site - CORRECT ANSWERS:3. Informing the client
that this is normal
Rationale:
,Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms and is used to treat
burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client should be informed that the medication
will cause local discomfort and burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4
are incorrect
The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The
nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following indicates that a systemic effect has
occurred?1.Hyperventilation
2.Elevated blood pressure
3.Local pain at the burn site
4.Local rash at the burn site - CORRECT ANSWERS:1.Hyperventilation
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of acid, thereby
causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for signs of an acid-base
imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days.
Options 3 and 4 describe local rather than syeffects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected from
the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration of this medication, the
nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed?
1. Platelet count
2. Triglyceride level
3. Complete blood count
4. White blood cell count - CORRECT ANSWERS:2. Triglyceride level
Rationale:
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be measured before
treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides has been evaluated. Options 1,
3, and 4 do not need to be monitored specifically during this treatment.
A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin.
The nurse reviews the client's medication record and would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which
medication?
, 1. Vitamin A
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin) - CORRECT ANSWERS:1. Vitamin A
Rationale:
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized intensification of isotretinoin
toxicity. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be discontinued
before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin
The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The nurse would monitor for the
potential for increased systemic absorption of the medication if the medication were being applied to
which of the following body areas?
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands - CORRECT ANSWERS:2. Axilla
Rationale:
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation. Absorption is higher from regions
where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower
from regions in which permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse notes that the client is
taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the nurse would suspect that the
client is being treated for:
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex - CORRECT ANSWERS:1. Acne
Rationale:
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller WiseWoman. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.95. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now