Midterm Exam: NSG120/ NSG 120 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Pathophysiology Complete Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| All Units Covered| 100% Correct| Grade A – Herzing

Midterm Exam: NSG120/ NSG 120 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Pathophysiology Complete Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| All Units Covered| 100% Correct| Grade A – Herzing Q: autoimmune disorder a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against the body's own tissues, no cure but rather focus on treating symptoms Q: immunodeficiency disorder Answer: a condition that occurs when one or more parts of the immune system are deficient or missing Q: active natural immunity Answer: antibodies produced in response to natural exposure to pathogen Q: passive natural immunity Answer: antibodies passed from the mom to her baby through the placenta or breast milk, no memory cells involved Q: active artificial immunity Answer: antibodies produced in response to a vaccination Q: passive artificial immunity Answer: antibodies produced by receiving them from a person who has the antibodies, no memory cells involved Q: innate immune response Answer: rapid but relatively nonspecific immune response Q: adaptive immune response Answer: relatively slow but very specific and effective immune response controlled by lymphocytes (memory cells) Q: 1st line of defense in the immune system Answer: - non-specific defenses - physical barriers (skin, hair, sweat, saliva) Q: 2nd line of defense in the immune system Answer: - white blood cells (granulocytes, monocytes) Q: 3rd line of defense in immune system Answer: - specific defense against a pathogen - uses memory cells Q: malnutrition Answer: deprivation of protein-energy Q: malabsorption Answer: impaired digestion resulting in impairment of absorption of nutrients Ex: celiac disease Q: risk factors for obesity Answer: - excess calorie intake vs. output - sedentary behavior - poverty - culture - age - female gender - smoking cessation - genetics - secondary disorder that causes obesity (eg, Cushing's disease) Q: metabolic syndrome factors Answer: excess abdominal fat, changes in glucose and lipoprotein metabolism Q: anorexia nervosa Answer: eating disorder with self-imposed starvation Q: bulimia Answer: eating disorder with overeating and vomiting (binge/purge) Q: adipokines protein hormones made and released by adipose tissue (fat)