DEEL 3 DYNAMICS OF GLOBAL
STRATEGY
Chapter 11 Entry mode dynamics 1 : Foreign
distribution
Signifcance David Arnold
Local distributors
Describes local distributor’s changing role when MNe tries to grow to foreign markets
Inital use to costs & minimize risks: their complementary capabilites substtute
need for LB FSAs to access the market
<-> Afer early market penetraton: ofen ceiling & typical MN blames the local partner
which results in an disruptive transiton period.
-> MN ’s refeex buy out distributor & build self-owned
distributon NW
Arnold suggests efective strategic planning of distributor selecton & relatonship
goivernance to aivoid/solive probs
Beachhead strategy
x ivicious cycle of bounded reliability: each side assumes the arrangement is temporary x>
inivests minimally x> eepectatons not met x> blame game
MN uses local distributor for entry to market
Local distributors obserived this & conclude: relatonship x temporary
Arnold’s research shows
Many MN s don’t giive proper directon & resources + cede control strat. Marketng
MN s too long inital entry strat with low resource commitments
(Market changes since entry x> immediate ∆ necessary
Key ivlg Arnold: recognize that the phases are predictable &MN s can plan this
Success cases
Maintain relatonships w independent local partners for distributon oiver LT, eiven afer
establishing own local NW for primary clients
Characteristcs: distributors
1. Did not distribute competng product lines from riivals
2. Shared market info with MN
3. Initated new proᰫects & collaborated w other distributors in adᰫacent markets
4. Inivested to grow business in areas as training, ICT & promoton
,7 Guidelines for MNEs managing Local Distributors
1. Pro-actively selectv locs & only tvhen suitvable distvributvors.
<-> unsolicited proposals (think about strategy, then country, then partner)
Best distributor ≠ always largest: may haive already other contacts w riivals
2. Focus on distvributvors’ marketv deivelopmentv capabilites
critcal to find best ccompany fit’ i/t/iv strat, cult & inivestpreparedness,…
<-> cmarket fit’ distrs already seriving key target custs w related products
3. Manage distvributvors as LT partvners
giive incentive to LT deivelopment (if u treat them as KT partns, they’ll do the same)
4. Proivide resources tvo supportv distvributvors for marketv-deivelopmentv purposes
more ress earlier may lead to beter relatons & higher performance with local distr.
5. Do notv delegatve marketng stvratvegy tvo distvributvors
MN s should proivide clear leadership on choice of prod s, positoning, markg budget,..
-> Distributors should adapt this strat. To local market needs
6. Secure shared access tvo distvr’s critcal marketv & fn intvelligence
willingness to share info x signal of commitment
7. Link natonal distvributvors otvhers, especially atv regional leivel (spanning >countvr s)
Linkages in form of reg HQ to coordinate distributon eforts,
or distr. councils may lead to best practces difusion in the distr NW
& monitoring mechanism, stmulatng more consistent strat through region
Chapter 12 Entry Mode Dynamics 2: Strategic Alliance
Partners
Signifcance HAMEL, Doz & Prahalad
Focus on large MN s forming alliances with foreign firms that are also riivals
x compettive collaboraton
ratonale
enormous R&D costs (+ easy access to required ress) to launch new prods.
<-> problems with compressed tmeframes: fast new products to stay ahead
Measurement
Benchmark for eivaluatng success x ∆ in compettive strength eeperienced by each partner
xwin the “learning race” (learn more from partner than partner from you)
<-> how long alliance lasted
Oiverall: Japanese MN s (& >generally Asian) firms come out ahead in strat alliances
4 reasons hy Asian MNEs in tvhe learning race:
1. Intvrinsically more receptive & illing tvo putv effortv intvo learning from alliance parts
2. Vie alliance as opportvunitvy tvo deivelop ne FSAs, not as tool to iniv costs & risks
3. Defne clear learning objectives & focus on new knowledge & obseriving partners
4. O n contvributon ofen complex, tvacitv process kno ledge <-> Western contributon
,
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller michfeys. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.27. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.