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Samenvatting Mycologie
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Een samenvatting van Mycologie, een onderdeel van microbiologie
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Mycologie1.Fungi = schimmels
- Eén of meercellige eukaryoten
à 50.000 soorten, slechts enkelen pathogeen (kunnen ziekte veroorzaken)
- Saprofyten
à Verantwoordelijk voor afbraak van dood plantaardi en dierlijk materiaal
à leven van dood materiaal
- Voedselindustrie => vb: gist voor brood
- Medicamenten (vb. penicilline)
- 2 verschijningsvormen
à Gisten:
Unicellulaire fungi
Rond tot ovaal = 3-10 µm
Gisten in vertakte vorm = PSEUDOHYFEN
à Schimmels (hyfen)
Meercellige filamenteuze fungi
Vertakte structuur = webachtig =
MYCELIUM
à Dimorf = kunnen beide vormen aannemen afhankelijk van
omgevingsomstandigheden
- Reproductie
à Geslachtelijk = meiotischeceldeling
à Niet-geslachtelijk = mitotische celdeling
2.Antimycotica
- In plasmamembraan van schimmels zit ergosterol (niet bij menselijk cellen)
- Celwand is rijk aan chitine kleuren GRAM + door deze eigenschap
- Polyenen
à Maakt grote poriën in plasmamembraan => esentiële ionen lekken weg en de cel
sterft
- Azolen
à Inhibeert synthese ergosterol (onderdeel van de celmembraan)
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