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Fundamentals of nursing exam 1|140 Complete Questions and Answers
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Fundamentals of nursing exam 1|140Complete Questions and Answers
The nurse is preparing a client to be turned in bed. In what position would
the nurse place the client to begin this procedure?
lying flat
sitting up
lying flat with feet raised slightly
lying prone - -lying flat
-The nurse and an assistant are preparing to move a client up in bed.
Arrange the following steps in the correct order.
1. Adjust the head of the bed to a flat position.
2. Place a friction-reducing sheet under the client.
3. Ask the client to bend legs and place the chin on the chest.
4. Position the assistant on the side opposite you.
5. Remove all pillows from under the client.
6. Grasp the sheet and move the client on the count of 3.
A)
3, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6
B)
1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6
C)
1, 5, 4, 2, 3, 6
D)
3, 2, 1, 4, 6, 5
E)
1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6 - -Ans:
,C
-What nursing organization first legitimized the use of the nursing process?
A)
National League for Nursing
B)
American Nurses Association
C)
International Council of Nursing
D)
State Board of Nursing - -B)
American Nurses Association
-A female patient who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer tells the
nurse, "The treatment for this cancer is worse than the disease itself. I'm not
going to come for my therapy anymore." The nurse responds by using critical
thinking skills to address this patient problem. Which action is the first step
the nurse would take in this process?
a. The nurse judges whether the patient database is adequate to address the
problem.
b. The nurse considers whether or not to suggest a counseling session for the
patient.
c. The nurse reassesses the patient and decides how best to intervene in her
care.
d. The nurse identifies several options for intervening in the patient's care
and critiques the merit of each option. - -c. The first step when thinking
critically about a situation is to identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
Reassessing the patient helps to discipline thinking by directing all thoughts
toward the goal. Once the problem is addressed, it is important for the nurse
to judge the adequacy of the knowledge, identify potential problems, use
helpful resources, and critique the decision.
-The nursing process ensures that nurses are person centered rather than
task centered. Rather than simply approaching a patient to take vital signs,
the nurse thinks, "How is Mrs. Barclay today? Are our nursing actions helping
,her to achieve her goals? How can we better help her?" This demonstrates
which characteristic of the nursing process?
a. Systematic
b. Interpersonal
c. Dynamic
d. Universally applicable in nursing situations - -b. Interpersonal. All of the
other options are characteristics of the nursing process, but the conversation
and thinking quoted best illustrates the interpersonal dimension of the
nursing process
-An experienced nurse tells a beginning nurse not to bother studying too
hard, since most clinical reasoning becomes "second nature" and "intuitive"
once you start practicing. What thinking below should underlie the beginning
nurse's response?
a. Intuitive problem solving comes with years of practice and observation,
and novice nurses should base their care on scientific problem solving.
b. For nursing to remain a science, nurses must continue to be vigilant about
stamping out intuitive reasoning.
c. The emphasis on logical, scientific, evidence-based reasoning has held
nursing back for years; it is time to champion intuitive, creative thinking!
d. It is simply a matter of preference; some nurses are logical, scientific
thinkers, and some are intuitive, creative thinkers. - -a. Beginning nurses
must use nursing knowledge and scientific problem solving as the basis of
care they give; intuitive problem solving comes with years of practice and
observation
-The nurse uses blended competencies when caring for patients in a
rehabilitation facility. Which examples of interventions involve cognitive
skills? Select all that apply.
a. The nurse uses critical thinking skills to plan care for a patient.
b. The nurse correctly administers IV saline to a patient who is dehydrated.
c. The nurse assists a patient to fill out an informed consent form.
d. The nurse learns the correct dosages for patient pain medications.
e. The nurse comforts a mother whose baby was born with Down syndrome.
f. The nurse uses the proper procedure to catheterize a female patient. - -a,
d. Using critical thinking and learning medication dosages are cognitive
competencies. Performing procedures correctly is a technical skill, helping a
patient with an informed consent form is a legal/ethical issue, and comforting
a patient is an interpersonal skill.
-A nurse uses critical thinking skills to focus on the care plan of an older
adult who has dementia and needs placement in a long-term care facility.
Which statements describe characteristics of this type of critical thinking
applied to clinical reasoning? Select all that apply.
a. It functions independently of nursing standards, ethics, and state practice
acts.
, b. It is based on the principles of the nursing process, problem solving, and
the scientific method.
c. It is driven by patient, family, and community needs as well as nurses'
needs to give competent, efficient care.
d. It is not designed to compensate for problems created by human nature,
such as medication errors.
e. it is constantly re-evaluating, self-correcting, and striving for
improvement.
f. It focuses on the big picture rather than identifying the key problems,
issues, and risks involved with patient care - -b, c, e. Critical thinking applied
to clinical reasoning and judgment in nursing practice is guided by
standards, policies and procedures, and ethics codes.
-A nurse is caring for a patient who has complications related to type 2
diabetes mellitus. The nurse researches new procedures to care for foot
ulcers when developing a care plan for this patient. Which QSEN competency
does this action represent?
a. Patient-centered care
b. Evidence-based practice
c. Quality improvement
d. Informatics - -c. Quality improvement involves routinely updating nursing
policies and procedures. Providing patient-centered care involves listening to
the patient and demonstrating respect and compassion. Evidence-based
practice is used when adhering to internal policies and standardized skills.
The nurse is employing informatics by using information and technology to
communicate, manage knowledge, and support decision making.
-A nurse is assessing a patient who is diagnosed with anorexia. Following
the assessment, the nurse recommends that the patient meet with a
nutritionist. This action best exemplifies the use of:
a. Clinical judgment
b. Clinical reasoning
c. Critical thinking
d. Blended competencies - -a. Although all the options refer to the skills
used by nurses in practice, the best choice is clinical judgment as it refers to
the result or outcome of critical thinking or clinical reasoning—in this case,
the recommendation to meet with a nutritionist.
-A nurse working in a long-term care facility bases patient care on five
caring processes: knowing, being with, doing for, enabling, and maintaining
belief. This approach to patient care best describes whose theory?
a. Travelbee's
b. Watson's
c. Benner's
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