biol 2114 endocrine exam review test submission ex
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BIOL 2114 ENDOCRINE EXAM REVIEW
TEST SUBMISSION EXAM 2024
1. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Estrogen
D. Cortisol
Answer: A. Insulin
Rationale: Insulin is produced by the pancreas and helps regulate blood sugar
levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.
2. Which gland is responsible for producing the hormone cortisol?
A. Pituitary gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Thyroid gland
D. Pancreas
Answer: B. Adrenal gland
Rationale: The adrenal gland produces cortisol, which is involved in the body's
response to stress and helps regulate metabolism.
3. Which hormone is responsible for regulating metabolism and energy
production?
A. Thyroid hormone
B. Estrogen
C. Insulin
D. Testosterone
Answer: A. Thyroid hormone
Rationale: The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormone, which plays a key role
in regulating metabolism and energy production in the body.
4. Which hormone is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood?
A. Insulin
B. Parathyroid hormone
C. Cortisol
D. Estrogen
,Answer: B. Parathyroid hormone
Rationale: Parathyroid hormone is produced by the parathyroid glands and
helps regulate calcium levels in the blood by increasing calcium absorption in
the intestines and releasing calcium from bones.
5. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's response to stress?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Estrogen
D. Cortisol
Answer: D. Cortisol
Rationale: Cortisol is often referred to as the "stress hormone" as it is involved
in the body's response to stress and helps regulate metabolism and immune
function.
6. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and
pregnancy?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Estrogen
D. Testosterone
Answer: C. Estrogen
Rationale: Estrogen is a female sex hormone that plays a key role in regulating
the menstrual cycle and supporting pregnancy.
7. Which hormone is responsible for regulating growth and development?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Growth hormone
D. Cortisol
Answer: C. Growth hormone
Rationale: Growth hormone is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a key
role in regulating growth and development throughout life.
8. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's response to low
blood sugar levels?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Cortisol
D. Thyroid hormone
,Answer: B. Glucagon
Rationale: Glucagon is produced by the pancreas and helps regulate blood
sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose when blood sugar
levels are low.
9. Which hormone is responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles and mood?
A. Melatonin
B. Insulin
C. Thyroid hormone
D. Estrogen
Answer: A. Melatonin
Rationale: Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland that helps
regulate sleep-wake cycles and plays a role in mood regulation.
10. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's water balance?
A. Insulin
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Estrogen
D. Cortisol
Answer: B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced by the pituitary gland and
helps regulate the body's water balance by controlling the reabsorption of
water in the kidneys.
11. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's response to
infection and inflammation?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Cortisol
D. Estrogen
Answer: C. Cortisol
Rationale: Cortisol is involved in the body's response to infection and
inflammation by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation.
12. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's response to cold
temperatures?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Estrogen
, D. Adrenaline
Answer: B. Thyroid hormone
Rationale: Thyroid hormone helps regulate the body's metabolism and energy
production, which in turn helps regulate body temperature in response to cold
environments.
13. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's response to
perceived threats or danger?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Adrenaline
D. Estrogen
Answer: C. Adrenaline
Rationale: Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal glands and helps initiate the
"fight or flight" response in the body in response to perceived threats or
danger.
14. Which hormone is responsible for regulating bone growth and density?
A. Insulin
B. Parathyroid hormone
C. Estrogen
D. Growth hormone
Answer: C. Estrogen
Rationale: Estrogen plays a key role in regulating bone growth and density,
particularly in women, and helps maintain strong and healthy bones.
15. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's response to high
blood sugar levels?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Cortisol
D. Thyroid hormone
Answer: A. Insulin
Rationale: Insulin helps regulate blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake
of glucose into cells when blood sugar levels are high.
16. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's production of red
blood cells?
A. Insulin
B. Erythropoietin
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