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Sumario Insuficiencia Cardiaca cronica

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resumen de guia de practica clinica mexicana para el diagnostico y tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardiaca cronica. documento de estudio para ENARM

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  • February 28, 2024
  • 4
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary
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INSUFICIENCIA
CARDIACA CRONICA
DEFICION:

Síndrome en el que las anormalidades en la función cardiaca son responsables de
la incapacidad de corazón para bombear sangre con un gasto suficiente para
cubrir los requerimientos metabólicos.


ETIOLOGIA:

Fracción de expulsión menor al 40%:

• Enfermedad coronaria: Infarto Agudo de
Miocardio
• Sobrecarga de presión crónica: HAS,
Valvulopatía obstructiva
• Sobrecarga de volumen crónica:
Cardiopatía regurgitante

Fracción de eyección mayor de 40 – 50 %:

• Hipertrofia patológica: Cardiomiopatías
Hipertróficas
• Cardiomiopatía restrictiva: Enfermedades
infiltrativas
• Envejecimiento


CLINICA:

• Los síntomas clásicos de la IC son: disnea
de esfuerzo o fatiga. La ortopnea, DPN y
edema de tobillos pueden aparecer en
una etapa posterior.
• Los signos físicos son a menudo normales en las primeras etapas
• Un examen completo debe incluir una evaluación de los signos vitales,
auscultación cardiaca (Soplos, galope, S3) y el control de retención de
líquidos.

Todos los pacientes con sospecha de Insuficiencia cardiaca, deben someterse a
un electrocardiograma, radiografía de tórax y el ecocardiograma. La biometría
hemática completa, urea plasmática, creatinina y electrolitos deben ser medidos
durante el estudio inicial, y si hay algún cambio en el estado clínico del paciente.

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