IB Physics HL Study Guide Graded A+
Fundamental SI units
Random error
Systematic error
Vectors
Scalars
Displacement
Velocity
Speed
Acceleration
Instantaneous speed
Average speed
Equations of uniformly accelerated motion
Newton's First Law
Newton's Second Law
Newton's Third Law
Inert...
Ans: kilogram (kg), metre (m), second (s), ampere (amp), mole (mol), kelvin (K)
2). Random error
Ans: An unpredictable and largely uncontrollable uncertainty. (Examples include
human reaction time and other forms of human measurement.) (Random errors can be
reduced by taking the average of repeated measurements.)
3). Systematic error
Ans: An error that occurs on all measurements. (An example is a zero error on a
scale.) (Systematic errors can NOT be reduced by repeated measurement.)
Ans: the position of an object relative to a defined starting position
7). Velocity
Ans: the rate at which displacement changes (with time)
8). Speed
Ans: the rate at which distance changes (with time)
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, 9). Acceleration
Ans: the rate at which velocity changes (with time)
10). Instantaneous speed
Ans: the speed at a particular moment in time
11). Average speed
Ans: the total distance travelled divided by the total time taken (the average rate of
movement)
12). Equations of uniformly accelerated motion
Ans: v = u + at
s = ½(u+v)t
s = ut + ½ at²
v² = u² + 2as
13). Newton's first law
Ans: A body will continue in its current state of motion (velocity) unless acted upon by
a resultant force
(a = 0 if ∑F = 0)
14). Newton's second law
Ans: The acceleration of a body is proportional to the resultant force acting on the
body (and is in the same direction)
∑F=ma ∑F= Δp/Δt
15). Newton's third law
Ans: When two bodies interact, the force that body 1 exerts on body 2 is equal and
opposite to the force that 2 exerts on 1
(F ₁₂= -F ₂₁)
16). Inertial mass
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