NR511 - Final Exam Study Guide with Verified Answers Graded A 2024

musculoskeletal Pathology Statistics - Generally self limiting - One of the most common reasons for Visits to clinician. - Diagnostically challenging (Many resemble each other) - Take time often to evolve into diagnosable disease. Musculoskeletal Differential Diagnoses Categories -Trauma - Infection - Metabolic disorders - Circulatory disorder - Tumor - Synovial conditions - Congenital or developmental problems - Degenerative Problems Internal derangement disruption of the structures inside a joint Systemic rheumatic disease Inflammation is primary, resulting from an immune response, probably autoimmune in origin Entrapment neuropathy pain and loss of function resulting from a nerve passing through a physiologic space that is narrowed secondary to acute or chronic trauma or inflammation gouty arthritis (gout) inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body paraneoplastic syndrome medical condition caused by tumor secretions (hormones, cytokines, TNF, Interleukin-1), may cause hypercalcermia, hypoglycemia, SIADH Mononeuritis inflammation of a single nerve radiculopathy (radiculitis) inflammation of the nerve root associated with the spinal column myelopathy any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord transverse myelitis inflammation of the spinal cord reflex sympathetic dystrophy - Increase in sympathetic activity causing a release of norepinephrine in periphery and subsequent vasoconstriction of blood vessels resulting in pain and increase in sensitivity to peripheral stimulation. intense burning and pain in affected extremity, spreads proximally Giant cell arteritis temporal artery granulomatous vasculitis; ipsilateral blindness (ophthalmic artery) compartment syndrome involves the compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by the fascia that separates groups of muscles