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2024 Exam 1 A&P Theory Galen Graded A Q&A Complete

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Uploaded on February 29, 2024
Number of pages 8
Written in 2023/2024
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2024 exam 1 ap theory galen graded a qa complete

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2024 Exam 1 A&P Theory Galen Graded A Q&A Complete
What is human anatomy?
Scientific study of the bodies structures
What is gross anatomy?
Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
What is microscopic anatomy?
the study of structures that are too small to be seen with the naked eye
What does microscopic anatomy include?
Cytology = the study of cells and histology = the study of tissues
What is regional anatomy?
Study of interrelationships of all the structures in a specific body region EX. abdomen
What is systemic anatomy?
The study of the structures that make up a discrete body system
What is homeostasis?
The state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things
What are the six levels of structural organization?
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
What is the chemical level?
atoms combine to form molecules
What is the cellular level?
A variety of molecules combine to form the fluid and organelles of a body cell
What is the tissue level?
A community of similar cells form a body tissue
What is the organ level?
Two or more different tissues combine to form an organ
What is the organ system level?
Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely to perform the functions of a body system
What is the organism level?
Many organ systems work harmoniously together to perform the functions of an independent organism
What is the bodies largest organ system?
The integumentary system
What is metabolism?
The sun of all anabolic and catabolic reactions that take place in the body, both anabolism and catabolism occur simultaneously and continuously to keep you ALIVE
What is anabolism?
Where smaller simpler molecules combined into larger more complex substances (BUILDS)
What is catabolism?
the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy; (BREAKS)
What is physiology?
the study of function of the body - how the body parts work and carry out their life sustaining activities
What are the requirements for human life? Oxygen, nutrients, temperature & atmospheric pressure
What is responsiveness?
The ability to adapt to changes in your internal and external environments EX Increased body temperature = sweating
What is human movement?
The motion of individual organs and even individual cells ex blood, lymphatic, celular
What is developmental anatomy?
The changes the body goes through in life. Which includes differentiation in which i specialized cells become specialized in structure and function to perform certain tasks in the body
What is growth?
Increase in body size
What is reproduction?
Formation of new organisms from parent organisms
When is brain damage likely without oxygen?
4-7 minutes
What is a nutrient?
A substance in foods and beverages that is essential to human survival ( three basic classes, water, nutrients & micronutrients )
Narrow range of temperature
normal body temp is 98.6 which is needed for many cellular processes ex when you sweat your body is cooling down
What is a response to cold?
Shivering, attempting to generate heat
Narrow range of atmospheric pressure
needed for proper gas exchange of O2 and CO2 in the lungs
Homeostasis
process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
What is negative feedback?
Body REVERSES an original stimulus to regain balance ex sweating
What are the three negative feedback components?
Sensor; monitors a physiological value
Control center; the component in a feedback system that compares the value to the normal range
Effector; the component in a feedback system that causes a change to reverse the situation and return the value to the normal range
What is positive feedback?
Body ENHANCES original stimulus to make deviation greater
What is an example of positive feedback?
Blood clotting. The initial clotting triggers the formation of more clots. Childbirth. Nerve signals.
What happens when homeostasis is not maintained?
Pathophysologys develop HBP, diabetes, stroke
What is thermoregulation?
regulation of body temperature
What are some examples of negative feedback?
Body temp, BP, Ph, hormonal release, blood glucose
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
main energy source that cells use for most of their work
What is matter?

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