Dit PWS gaat over darmziektes en auto-immuunziekten en hun relatie op darmflora. Voor dit PWS is er een 8,5 (afgerond 9) behaald, Dit PWS kan gebruikt worden voor informatieve doeleinden of voor inspiratie.
,INHOUD
INLEIDING..................................................................................................................................................................4
HYPOTHESE................................................................................................................................................................5
Inleiding hypothese...............................................................................................................................................5
Hypothese.............................................................................................................................................................5
Conclusie hypothese.............................................................................................................................................5
H1: Ziektes in het spijsverteringskanaal....................................................................................................................6
Inleiding H1:......................................................................................................................................................6
1.1 Ziekte van Crohn..................................................................................................................................................6
1.1.1 Wat is de ziekte van Crohn?.........................................................................................................................6
1.1.2 Oorzaken ziekte van Crohn..........................................................................................................................6
1.1.3 Effecten op de darmen: ziekte van Crohn...................................................................................................6
1.1.4 Hoe wordt de ziekte van Crohn gediagnosticeerd?.....................................................................................7
1.2 Colitis Ulcerosa....................................................................................................................................................8
1.2.1 Wat is Colitis Ulcerosa..................................................................................................................................8
1.2.2 Oorzaken van Colitis Ulcerosa.....................................................................................................................8
1.2.3 Effecten op de darm: Colitis Ulcerosa..........................................................................................................8
1.2.4 Hoe wordt Colitis Ulcerosa gediagnosticeerd?............................................................................................9
1.3 Verschillen en overeenkomsten tussen de ziekte van Crohn en Colitis Ulcerosa............................................10
1.3.1 IBD (inflammatory Bowel Disease) en overeenkomsten...........................................................................10
1.3.2 Verschillen tussen ziekte van Crohn en Colitis Ulcerosa...........................................................................10
H2: Medicatie en IBD’s............................................................................................................................................11
Inleiding H2:....................................................................................................................................................11
2.1 Medicatie bij de ziekte van Crohn en Colitis Ulcerosa......................................................................................11
2.1.1 Inleiding medicatie.....................................................................................................................................11
2.1.2 Medicatie bij lichte symptomen................................................................................................................11
2.1.2.1 Stap één: Mesalazine..........................................................................................................................11
2.1.2.2 Bijwerkingen van Mesalazine.............................................................................................................12
2.1.3 Medicatie bij zwaardere klachten..............................................................................................................12
2.1.3.1 Stap twee: Corticosteroïden...............................................................................................................12
2.1.3.2 Bijwerkingen van Corticosteroïden....................................................................................................13
2.2 Mogelijke behandelingen bij de ziekte van Crohn en Colitis Ulcerosa.............................................................14
2.2.1 Inleiding behandelingen............................................................................................................................14
2.2.2 Behandelingen...........................................................................................................................................14
2.2.2.1 Behandeling bij Fistels........................................................................................................................14
2.2.2.2 Behandeling bij vernauwingen en verklevingen................................................................................14
2.2.3 Operaties....................................................................................................................................................15
2.2.3.1 Operatie bij Fistels..............................................................................................................................15
2.2.3.2 Operatie bij vernauwingen en verklevingen......................................................................................15
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PWS Darmziektes
,2.3 Mogelijke nieuwe medicatie en behandelingen tegen de ziekte van Crohn en Colitis Ulcerosa.....................15
2.3.1 De Infliximab..............................................................................................................................................15
2.3.2 Poeptransplantatie....................................................................................................................................16
H3: Auto-immuunziektes, IBD’s en darmflora........................................................................................................17
Inleiding H3:....................................................................................................................................................17
3.1 Auto-immuunziektes.........................................................................................................................................17
3.1.1 Hoe ontstaat een auto-immuunziekte en wat voor ziektes krijg je ervan?..............................................17
3.1.1.1 Hoe ontstaan auto-immuunziektes....................................................................................................17
3.1.1.2 Wat voor ziektes kan je krijgen van auto-immuunziektes?...............................................................17
3.1.2 Wat doet een auto-immuunziekte met de darmen (en darmflora)?........................................................18
3.2 Behandeling van auto-immuunziektes..............................................................................................................18
3.2.1 Mogelijkheid één.......................................................................................................................................19
3.2.2 Mogelijkheid twee.....................................................................................................................................19
3.2.2.1 Chemotherapie...................................................................................................................................19
3.2.2.2 Cyclofosfamide...................................................................................................................................19
3.2.3 Mogelijkheid drie.......................................................................................................................................20
3.2.4 Nadelen medicatie.....................................................................................................................................20
3.2.5 Wat kunnen patiënten met een auto-immuunziekte hier zelf aan doen?................................................20
H4: Invloed van darmen op immuunsysteem.........................................................................................................21
Inleiding H4:....................................................................................................................................................21
4.1 Darmflora..........................................................................................................................................................21
4.1.1 Wat is de darmflora?.................................................................................................................................21
4.1.2 Verstoring van de darmflora......................................................................................................................21
4.2 Darmflora veroorzaken ziektes?.......................................................................................................................21
4.2.1 Neurodegeneratieve ziektes door darmflora............................................................................................21
4.2.2 Hart- en vaatziekten door darmflora.........................................................................................................22
4.3 Darmflora invloed op IBD’s...............................................................................................................................22
4.3.1 Probiotica en prebiotica.............................................................................................................................22
4.3.2 Darmflora wordt niet geaccepteerd..........................................................................................................22
4.3.3 Lekkende darm en darmbarrière...............................................................................................................23
H5: Verwante ziektes aan de IBD’s..........................................................................................................................24
Inleiding H5:....................................................................................................................................................24
5.1 Microscopische Colitis.......................................................................................................................................24
5.1.1 Wat is microscopische Colitis?...................................................................................................................24
5.1.1.1 Collagene Colitis.................................................................................................................................24
5.1.1.2 Lymfocytaire Colitis............................................................................................................................24
5.1.2 overige versies van Colitis..........................................................................................................................24
5.1.2.1 Eosinofiele colitis................................................................................................................................24
5.1.2.2 IBD-U...................................................................................................................................................25
5.1.2 Behandeling Collagene Colitis....................................................................................................................25
5.1.3 Behandeling Lymfocytaire Colitis...............................................................................................................25
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PWS Darmziektes
, 5.1.4 Behandeling Eosinofiele Colitis..................................................................................................................25
5.2 Pancolitis...........................................................................................................................................................25
5.2.1 Wat is Pancolitis?.......................................................................................................................................25
5.2.1.1 Symptomen Pancolitis........................................................................................................................25
5.2.1.2 Behandelingen Pancolitis...................................................................................................................26
H6: Beantwoording hoofdvraag en discussie..........................................................................................................27
Inleiding H6:....................................................................................................................................................27
6.1 Beantwoording hoofdvraag...............................................................................................................................27
6.2 Discussie............................................................................................................................................................28
6.2.1 Betrouwbaarheid.......................................................................................................................................28
6.2.2 Zaken die goed gingen en verbeterpunten................................................................................................28
Bibliografie..............................................................................................................................................................30
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PWS Darmziektes
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