Inleiding psychologie medische en gezondheidspsychologie
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Hoofdstuk 9 – stress
Hoofdstuk 9 – stress...............................................................................................................................1
Stress : basics.....................................................................................................................................2
Transactioneel model.....................................................................................................................2
Stress meten?................................................................................................................................3
Fysiologie v stress..........................................................................................................................3
ANS............................................................................................................................................3
Autonoom zenuwstelsel.........................................................................................................5
Endocriene stress responsen.................................................................................................7
SAM, HPA...................................................................................................................................7
Dimensies v stress..........................................................................................................................9
Controleerbaarheid & voorspelbaarheid v stressor...................................................................9
Duur van de stressor..................................................................................................................9
Stress & gezondheid..........................................................................................................................9
Algemene modellen (Selye, McEwen)..........................................................................................10
Stress & gezondheid.................................................................................................................10
Allostatische belasting.............................................................................................................10
Fysiologische route..................................................................................................................10
Gedragsroute...........................................................................................................................11
Sociale route............................................................................................................................11
Buffers..........................................................................................................................................12
Controle & zelfeffectiviteit.......................................................................................................12
Sociale relaties & verbondenheid............................................................................................12
Stress managment...................................................................................................................13
Positieve emoties.....................................................................................................................13
Mechanismen die verband PA – gezondheid kunnen verklaren?.............................................14
Tekst v steptoe.............................................................................................................................15
1
, Stress : basics
Transactioneel model
Stress & coping door Lazarus & Folkman
Stress =
- Interactie tussen individu & omgeving
- Onevenwicht tussen draagkracht & belasting
- Interpretatie (appraisal) is cruciaal: stress is per definitie subjectief
Coping styles = stresshanteringswijzen
= proces v hantering v subjectief belastende externe of interne eisen die de mogelijkheden ve
persoon dreigen te overstijgen
Coping strategies : protecting our health
Problem focused : bv harder studeren, hoofdstukken laten wegvallen, …
= wanneer mensen een gevoel v controle over de situatie ervaren, waardoor ze het
probleem kunnen aanpakken
Emotion focused : bv naar de film gaan zodat stress weggaat
= wanneer we weinig controle ervaren over het probleem – emoties reguleren bv:
vermijden, afstand nemen, accepteren, alcohol, zoeken v emotionele steun, boosheid
ventileren
= revised
transactioneel model
2
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