,1. Which of the following best defines personality?
A. The set of behaviors that an individual exhibits in response to
environmental stimuli
B. The unique characteristics that differentiate one individual from
another
C. The fixed set of traits that determine an individual's behavior in all
situations
D. The unconscious motivations that drive human behavior
Answer: B. The unique characteristics that differentiate one individual
from another
Rationale: Personality is typically defined as the unique set of
characteristics that differentiate one individual from another, including
traits, behaviors, and thought patterns.
2. Which of the following is NOT a commonly used method for
measuring personality?
A. Self-report questionnaires
B. Behavioral observations
C. Projective tests
D. Brain imaging techniques
Answer: D. Brain imaging techniques
Rationale: Brain imaging techniques are typically used to study brain
function and structure, rather than personality traits.
3. Which of the following is a reliable and valid measure of personality
traits?
A. The Rorschach Inkblot Test
B. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
C. The Big Five Inventory
D. The Thematic Apperception Test
, Answer: C. The Big Five Inventory
Rationale: The Big Five Inventory is a widely used and scientifically
validated measure of the five major dimensions of personality.
4. According to the psychodynamic perspective, personality is primarily
shaped by:
A. Social learning experiences
B. Reinforcement histories
C. Unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences
D. Genetic factors
Answer: C. Unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences
Rationale: The psychodynamic perspective, as proposed by Freud,
suggests that personality is primarily shaped by unconscious conflicts and
early childhood experiences.
5. Which of the following theorists is associated with the humanistic
perspective on personality?
A. Sigmund Freud
B. B.F. Skinner
C. Carl Rogers
D. Albert Bandura
Answer: C. Carl Rogers
Rationale: Carl Rogers is one of the key figures in the humanistic
perspective on personality, which emphasizes the importance of personal
growth and self-actualization.
6. The concept of self-efficacy, as proposed by Albert Bandura, refers to:
A. An individual's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations
B. The unconscious drives that influence human behavior
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