NSG 533 Chapter 43 Diabetes Mellitus Exam Questions and Answers

NSG 533 Chapter 43 Diabetes Mellitus Exam Questions and Answers Discuss the incidence of diabetes mellitus - Include Ethnicity & Age - Answer- 1. DM affects an estimated 30.3 million people in the US or 9.4% of the population. 2. Prevalence of DM is 15.1% American Indians/Alaska Natives, 12.7% non-Hispanic Blacks, 12.1% Hispanic, and 7.4% white. 3. 9.9 million people in the US who were 65 and older compared to 3 million between ages 18-44. Type I typical before age 30 but can develop at any age. As a result, Type I can be misdiagnosed as Type II in this group. Distinguish the clinical differences in Type I, Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adulthood, Type II and gestational diabetes. Age of Onset Speed of Onset Family History Body type Metabolic Syndrome Autoantibodies Symptoms Ketones at diagnosis Acute complications Microvascular complication at diagnosis Macrovascular complications at or before diagnosis - Answer- 1. Type I - a. Age of onset Childhood or adolescence b. Abrupt onset c. Negative family history d. Thin body type e. Not a metabolic syndrome f. Autoantibodies present g. Symptoms - Polyphagia, Polydipsia, Polyuria, rapid weight loss h. Ketones present at diagnosis i. Acute complications - DKA j. Microvascular complications rare at diagnosis k. Macrovascular complications rare at diagnosis Type II - a. Age of onset: Adult b. Gradual onset c. Positive family history d. Obese or family history of obesity e. Is a metabolic syndrome f. Autoantibodies not present g. Symptoms - Asymptomatic h. Ketones uncommon at diagnosis i. Acute complications - Rare