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Dissertation on Then and Now: Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War against Bosnian Women during the Disintegration of Yugoslavia and Violence Agai$50.49
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Then And Now: Sexual Violence As A Weapon Of War A
Then and Now: Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War a
Thesis
Dissertation on Then and Now: Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War against Bosnian Women during the Disintegration of Yugoslavia and Violence Agai
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Course
Then and Now: Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War a
Institution
Then And Now: Sexual Violence As A Weapon Of War A
The disintegration of Yugoslavia occurred due to continuous conflicts and upheavals in the early 1909s due to the political and economic crisis experienced in the 1980s. The republics belonging to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia split apart. However, the unresolved issues that rose to ...
, DISSERTATION: SEXUAL VIOLENCE AS WEAPONS AGAINST BOSNIAN WOMEN 2
Table of Contents
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................... 2
Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 4
1.1: Background and context ............................................................................................................... 4
1:2: Research Questions:..................................................................................................................... 5
Chapter 2: Literature review .................................................................................................................... 6
2.1: Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 6
2.2: How sexual violence became a weapon of war and a strategy of ethnic cleansing against Bosnian
women during the war following the disintegration of Yugoslavia. ...................................................... 6
2.3: The current data and nature of violence against women in Bosnia ................................................ 7
2.4: The effects of the nature of sexual violence during the Bosnian conflict on violence against women
in today's Bosnia ................................................................................................................................. 8
2.4.1: Physical deformities ............................................................................................................... 8
2.4.2: Self-harm ............................................................................................................................... 9
2.4.3: Guilt, shame and disgrace to religion ..................................................................................... 9
2.4.4: Dissociation ........................................................................................................................... 9
2.4.5: Panic attacks ......................................................................................................................... 9
2.4.6: Sexually Transmitted diseases ................................................................................................ 9
2.4.7: Pregnancies ......................................................................................................................... 10
2.4.8: Drug and substance use ....................................................................................................... 10
2.4.9: Eating and sleeping disorders .............................................................................................. 10
2.4.10: Suicide ............................................................................................................................... 10
2.5: How the international community treated the use of sexual violence in wartime .......................... 10
2.6: International documents that addressed sexual violence against women...................................... 11
2.6.1: Genocide convention ............................................................................................................ 12
2.6.2: Geneva conventions and protocols ....................................................................................... 12
2.6.3: The Geneva Convention in Protection of Civilians in Times of War ...................................... 12
2.6.4: Additional protocols............................................................................................................. 12
2.6.5: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ............................................................... 13
2.7: Institutional/legislative and strategic frameworks to improve gender equality to prevent and
combat violence against women in Bosnia ......................................................................................... 13
2.8: The effects of international law on women's Human rights .......................................................... 13
2.9: International law shortcomings in addressing Women's human rights ......................................... 14
2.9.1: Male-dominated policymakers ............................................................................................. 14
, DISSERTATION: SEXUAL VIOLENCE AS WEAPONS AGAINST BOSNIAN WOMEN 3
2.9.2: Perpetuation of international law on domestic attitudes ....................................................... 14
2.9.3: Human rights violators are punished as sacrifices to end conflicts and hostilities. ................ 14
2.9.4: Remedies against non-complying States do not exist. ............................................................ 15
2.10: Progress in stopping sexual violence and rape in Bosnia .......................................................... 15
2.11: Formation of crimes tribunals for the former Yugoslavian crimes ............................................. 15
2.12: The United States lawsuits ........................................................................................................ 15
2.13: Recommendations of the United Nations World Conference on Human Rights and their progress
.......................................................................................................................................................... 16
Chapter 3: Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 17
3.1: Introduction................................................................................................................................ 17
3.1: The survey's theoretical and methodological structure ................................................................ 17
3.2: Sampling descriptions................................................................................................................. 18
3.3: Characteristics of sample women and their living environments .................................................. 18
3.3.1: Demographic and basic social characteristics...................................................................... 19
3.3.2: Women economic activities .................................................................................................. 20
3.3.5: Family and household characteristics .................................................................................. 20
3.3.6: Women’s ownership status and gaps .................................................................................... 21
3.3.7: Women wealth status............................................................................................................ 21
3.3.8: Division of duties ................................................................................................................. 22
3.4: Characteristics of violence against women as used in Bosnia .................................................. 22
3.4.1: Women’s previous violence experience................................................................................. 23
3.4.2: Effects of violence ................................................................................................................ 23
3.4.3: Women combined experiences .............................................................................................. 24
3.4.4: Characteristics of psychological effects of sexual violence against women ........................... 24
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations ....................................................................................... 26
5.1: Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 26
5.2: Recommendations....................................................................................................................... 26
References ......................................................................................................................................... 27
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