Nr 283 VCAS final exam Questions With Complete Solutions

Spinal cord disorders; AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA... (Spinal Cord Injury At T-6 Or Higher) Triggered by sustained stimuli at T-6 or below from: Restrictive Clothing Full Bladder or UTI Pressure Areas Fecal Impaction LEVEL OF INJURY ABOVE WAIST Vasodilation Above higher BP-Severe & Rapid Flushed Face • Headache Distended Neck Veins lower Heart Rate higher Sweating -Level of Injury-t Vasoconstriction Below Pale Cool No Sweating Signs of spinal injury after an accident may include: Pressure in the head. neck, or back Intense back pain Paralysis, lack of coordination, or weakness in any part of the body Loss of sensation or numbness or tingling in the hands, feet, fingers, or toes Twisted or oddly positioned neck or back Impaired breathing Loss of control of bladder or bowels Trouble walking and balancing Emphysema (COPD) pathologic diagnosis: permanent enlargement and destruction of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchiole older and thin severe dyspnea quiet chest x-ray: hyperinflation with flattened diaphragms ANEMIA COMMON CAUSES • Iron Deficiency • Vitamin Deficiency • Chronic Diseases • Bone Marrow Diseases • Hemolytic Anemia • Sickle Cell Anemia kidney stones (renal calculi) background - occurs when there's on excess of crystal-forming substances that can't be dissolved in urine contributing factors: - disturbances in urinary h -low urine volume -low fluid intake -dietary factors types of stones calcium oxalate calcium phosphate struvite uric acid cystine