ASU BIO 181 Exam 2 Questions and Answers 100% Verified

ASU BIO 181 Exam 2 Questions and Answers 100% Verified Draw concentric circles and label the four layers of the gut. Also label the hole at the inner most circle. List what is in these four layers. Lumen Muscosa Submucosa Muscle Layer Serosa Write a few sentences to distinguish between digestion and absorption. In Digestion, the body is breaking down food into smaller chunks. These smaller chunks are amino acids, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbs. Once at this level, absorption can begin. Absorption takes the nutrients into the body across the epithelial layer. Brainpower Read More The esophagus has two distinct muscles that close off the tube. What are these called? Circular and Longitudinal Muscles If something is called a vitamin, it cannot be made by the organism and must be taken in as a part of diet. True Vitamin K cannot be made by the cells of your body. Where is it made? Escherichia coli synthesizes vitamin k, which is then absorbed across the wall of the colon Name the main enzyme in the stomach. Pepsin Think about feedback loops. What triggers the gall bladder to secrete bile? The gallbladder is a small sack located under the rib cage on the right side of the abdomen that stores and releases bile. Based on a feedback loop, the gallbladder releases bile during a meal to help absorb fats by emulsifying the fat. A high-fat meal causes the release of more bile, and a low-fat meal causes less. In what way is the making of a primary lysosome similar to the enzymes delivered by the pancreas? Both are made by membrane bound polyribosomes 90% of absorption in the intestine occurs where? jejunum and illeum of the small intestine. When amino acids are acquired by food because your body can't make them they are called ___________________ ___________________ ___________________. essential amino acids The digestive track begins with the ___________________ and the first enzyme added is ___________________. mouth, amylase List the layers of the digestive tract covered by a thick layer of mucous. Only the cells of the mucosa have a thick layer of mucus When glucose is taken in by the digestive tract and enters your blood, cells are triggered to take in the glucose by what mechanism? Insulin and Insulin receptors List the order in which storage compounds are utilized if there is no intake of food. Glycogen and fat, then protein Name the sphincter that separates the stomach from the small intestine. Pyloric Sphincter What is bile made from? And how does oatmeal reduce cholesterol levels? Bile is made from cholesterol, and some kinds of fiber (like oatmeal) will bind with bile, allowing it to be eliminated instead of recycled. To produce more bile, the gallbladder would need to pull cholesterol from the circulatory system, thus lowering cholesterol levels. How does the pancreas neutralize the pH of the chyme that comes from the stomach? The pancreas produces a secretion rich in bicarbonate ions, which neutralize the pH of the chyme from the stomach. Adhering junctions are based on two different types of cytoskeleton filament systems. Name those systems. Actin Filament Intermediate Filament Epithelial cells serve as a barrier to prevent non-specific movement of chemicals from one side of the epithelium to the other side. True The molecular seal that serves as the barrier is called a _____________ _____________. While this is a good barrier, such barriers are