Class notes
Aantekeningen METO1
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- Institution
Dit zijn de aantekeningen gemaakt tijdens de colleges van methoden en technieken van onderzoek 1 gegeven aan de AOLB in het studiejaar 2018/2019.
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Methoden en technieken vanonderzoek
Colleges
Inhoudsopgave
College 1........................................................................................................................................................ 3
Wat is het doel?...................................................................................................................................................3
Leerstof:................................................................................................................................................................3
Inhoud hoorcollege 1............................................................................................................................................3
Benaderingen van onderzoek: H3...................................................................................................................3
Probleemstelling en kwanttateve onderzoeksvragen: H2.............................................................................6
Onderzoekseenheden en kenmerken: H2 & H4..............................................................................................8
Conceptueel model: H2...................................................................................................................................8
Conclusie..........................................................................................................................................................9
College 2...................................................................................................................................................... 10
Onderzoekstype..................................................................................................................................................10
Onderzoeksontwerp...........................................................................................................................................11
Zuiver experiment/ Solomon design.............................................................................................................11
Quasi-experiment..........................................................................................................................................13
Survey............................................................................................................................................................13
Verstorende factoren....................................................................................................................................14
Conclusie........................................................................................................................................................14
College 3...................................................................................................................................................... 15
Observeren....................................................................................................................................................15
Keuze observate-methode...........................................................................................................................16
Wetenschappelijke klassenobservate..........................................................................................................17
Hoe bepaal je of er goed is geobserveerd?...................................................................................................17
Wanneer is kappa goed genoeg?..................................................................................................................18
Conclusie........................................................................................................................................................18
College 4...................................................................................................................................................... 19
Wanneer interviewen.........................................................................................................................................19
Formulering van vragen.....................................................................................................................................19
Betrouwbaarheid & validiteit van de metng................................................................................................19
Formulering van goede vragen......................................................................................................................20
Valkuilen bij formulering vragen...................................................................................................................20
Prevente van sociale wenselijkheid..............................................................................................................20
Wanneer open vraag?...................................................................................................................................20
Formulering antwoordmogelijkheden...............................................................................................................20
Even of oneven aantal antwoordcategorieën...............................................................................................21
Formuleren van antwoordcategorieën.........................................................................................................21
Volgorde van vragen..........................................................................................................................................21
Valkuilen bij interviewen...............................................................................................................................21
Keuzes afnameprocedure...................................................................................................................................22
, Bestaande data..................................................................................................................................................22
Onderzoek met bestaande gegevens............................................................................................................23
Informed consent & ethiek............................................................................................................................23
College 5...................................................................................................................................................... 24
Wat is methodologie?........................................................................................................................................24
Wetenschapsbeoefening...............................................................................................................................24
Empirische cyclus volgens A.D. de Groot............................................................................................................25
Regulateve cyclus (Van Strien, 1986)............................................................................................................25
Interventies en efectonderzoek.........................................................................................................................25
Relevante begrippen inzake interventes en efectonderzoek......................................................................25
Ideaalmodel voor efectonderzoek.....................................................................................................................27
Inventariseren van begrippen en doelen op basis van het theoretsch raam...............................................27
Richtlijnen bij het operatonaliseren van variabelen in criteria....................................................................28
College 6...................................................................................................................................................... 30
Richtlijnen bij het opstellen van meetnstrumenten.....................................................................................30
Kiezen van een onderzoeksdesign.................................................................................................................30
Terminologie Campbell & Stanley (1963)......................................................................................................30
Kenmerken:....................................................................................................................................................31
Verzamelen, analyseren en interpreteren van data......................................................................................32
Rapporteren van efectonderzoek.................................................................................................................32
Methodologische problemen.............................................................................................................................32
Variabelen, begrippen en doelen..................................................................................................................33
Criteria...........................................................................................................................................................33
Instrumenten.................................................................................................................................................33
Van doelen naar criteria en hypothesen.......................................................................................................33
Criteriummaten en instrumentateprobleem...............................................................................................33
Meetmethoden afwegen...............................................................................................................................34
Designproblemen..........................................................................................................................................34
Analyseproblemen.........................................................................................................................................35
College 7...................................................................................................................................................... 36
Interpretateproblemen.................................................................................................................................36
Problemen bij verslaglegging.........................................................................................................................36
Methodologische mogelijkheden.......................................................................................................................36
Begrippen en doelen......................................................................................................................................36
Hoe verandering meten?...............................................................................................................................38
College 8...................................................................................................................................................... 39
Methodologische mogelijkheden.......................................................................................................................39
Mogelijkheden bij het opstellen van meetnstrumenten..............................................................................39
Oplossen van designproblemen....................................................................................................................39
Quasi-experimentele designs volgens Hauser-Cram/ Campbell & Stanley...................................................40
Oplossen van designproblemen....................................................................................................................40
Uitval/ drop out.............................................................................................................................................41
Oplossen van problemen bij het verzamelen, analyseren en interpreteren van data.................................41
Mogelijkheden bij rapportage.......................................................................................................................42
,College 1
- Benaderingen van onderzoek
- Probleemstelling en kwanttateve onderzoeksvragen
- Onderzoekseenheden en kenmerken
- Conceptueel model
Wat is het doel?
Kennis van de principes van kwanttatef onderzoek. Empirisch analytsche benadering.
Leerlijn methodologie en statstek:
- Zelf onderzoek doen
- Kritsch leren nadenken over onderzoek
Langere termijn doelen:
- Werken aan academische competentes
o Academische informatevaardigheden
o Onderzoeksvaardigheden
o Communicateve en argumentateve vaardigheden
- Bacehelorthesis en masterthesis
Leerstof:
- Onderzoeksmethoden hoofdstuk 1 t/m 6 + 9
- Efectonderzoek in de gedragwetenschappen hoofdstuk 2 t/m 6
- Hoorcolleges
- Werkcolleges
Inhoud hoorcollege 1
Benaderingen van onderzoek: H3
Typen onderzoek:
- Fundamenteel wetenschappelijk onderzoek:
o Doel: ontwikkeling of toetsing theorieën. Theorie ontwikkelen door
waarneming in de praktjk. Patroon ontdekken.
o Reikwijdte: algemeen geldende kennis. Je probeert iets naar een hoger niveau
te tllen.
- Praktjkgericht (=toegepast) wetenschappelijk onderzoek
o Doel: kennis voor besluitvorming bij praktjkproblemen of maatschappelijke
problemen. Sluit aan bij maatschappelijke problemen (bv passend onderwijs).
Er is een opdrachtgever.
o Reikwijde: eigen/soortgelijke praktjksituate.
- Praktjkgericht niet-wetenschappelijk onderzoek
Verschil tussen fundamenteel en praktjkgericht is de theorie.
,
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