100% tevredenheidsgarantie Direct beschikbaar na betaling Zowel online als in PDF Je zit nergens aan vast
logo-home
BIOS 242 Microbiology Midterm Study Guide (Version-2) Midterm Micro Chapter 1-13, BIOS 242: Microbiology, Chamberlain. Best document for exam. $12.49   In winkelwagen

Tentamen (uitwerkingen)

BIOS 242 Microbiology Midterm Study Guide (Version-2) Midterm Micro Chapter 1-13, BIOS 242: Microbiology, Chamberlain. Best document for exam.

 3 keer bekeken  0 keer verkocht
  • Vak
  • Instelling

BIOS 242 Microbiology Midterm Study Guide (Version-2) Midterm Micro Chapter 1-13, BIOS 242: Microbiology, Chamberlain. Best document for exam.

Voorbeeld 3 van de 27  pagina's

  • 7 maart 2024
  • 27
  • 2023/2024
  • Tentamen (uitwerkingen)
  • Vragen en antwoorden
avatar-seller
Microbiology Midterm Study Guide


Covers Chapters 1-13 /Week 1 (Chapters 1-3)

1. Pasteur - Final disproof spontaneous generation
2. Hook- Saw first microbes
3. Lister -Aseptic techniques during surgery
4. Semmelweis - Dr. had to wash hands in maternity ward
5. Schultze & Schwann- Chemical treatment of air stops ability to produce life
6. Koch - Developed postulates for disease microbe connection
7. Redi - Maggot-meat experiment
8. Leeuwenhoek - Made first microscope

Fundamental of cells:

Unicellular (Bacteria, Archaea, Protozoa, some fungi) and multicellular organisms (animals and plants)
 All cells (prokaryotes + eukaryotes) have in common:
Cell membrane
DNA that holds genetic information
Ribosomes for protein synthesis
Cytoplasm
Eukaryotes are more complex with DNA enclosed in nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles

Bacterial shapes:

Cocci Rods. Vibrio Spirillum




Spirochete Branching Filaments




1

, Microbiology Midterm Study Guide




The 5 Is:

Inoculation - Purposely moving something from 1 place to another. starts with specimen collection;
lesion, draw blood, bird droppings, etc.
- introducing a tiny sample into a medium to provide an env't where they multiply.

Incubation - To hear bacteria to make it grow (usually body temp). maintaining something at the most
favorable temperature for its development. 20 deg C & 40 deg. C02 may be required.
- promotes multiplication of microbes over period of hours.
- produces a culture

Isolation - Separate from each other
separation of a strain from a natural, mixed population of living microbes, spreading bacteria apart as far
as possible.
- isolated microbes takes the form of separate colonies on solid media or turbidity (free floating cells) on
broth.

Inspection - Doing tests on the bug
appearance, cells, colony (red? shape, gram stain, sugar, etc.).

Identification - determine type of microbe
- specialized tests; biochemical test to determine metabolic activities specific to microbes
- immunologic tests, genetic analysis.

Microscopy Basics/Types of microscopes:

1. Bright field microscope - Most widely used microscope
image is darker than illuminated field
made by putting light through specimen

2. Dark field microscope- similar to bright field
image is lighter than illuminated field
bright field microscope is changed to dark field microscope by adding a condenser to the light

3. Phase contrast microscope- used with live specimen
produces image with specimen against gray background
can see internal cells

4. Differential interreference microscope- produces colorful 3D image
2 prisms which add contrasting colors to image



2

, Microbiology Midterm Study Guide




5. Fluorescence microscope – ultraviolet light for colored image against black field
makes an image

6. Confocal microscope- visualizes fluorescent molecules in a single plane of focus by excluding
out of focus light

7. Transmission electron microscope- uses electron beams to form image
magnify images up to 100,000x
works by transmitting electrons through specimen

8. Scanning electron microscope – detailed 3D images of specimen
magnify up to 650,000x
works by sending electrons to the specimen and detecting deflected electrons is characterized as
a microscope that has lower magnifying power but can provide 3-dimensional viewing of objects.
captures the image of the object in black and white after being stained with gold and palladium.

9. Atomic force microscope- A microscope that uses a beam deflection system with a laser and
photodetector to measure the beam position as a cantilever with a tip scans across the surface of
a material. The force between the tip and sample is calculated by measuring the deflection of the
lever and knowing the stiffness of the cantilever.


10. Scanning tunneling microscope- uses a computer to make highly magnified image of a
specimen
Advantage: can view other objects as small as an individual atom, can view living organisms
Disadvantage: expensive

Light microscopes Vs Electron microscopes:

1. light microscope uses light to illuminate specimens and glass lenses to magnify images.

2. electron microscope uses a beam of electrons to illuminate specimens and magnetic lenses to
magnify images. The resolution (the level of image detailing) is the main difference between these
two microscopes

Resolution:
 A scanning transmission electron microscope has achieved better than 50 pm resolution in
annular dark-field imaging mode and magnifications of up to about 10,000,000×

 light microscopes are limited by diffraction to about 200 nm resolution and useful magnifications
below 2000×.

Magnification:
 Magnification is the ability to make small objects seem larger, such as making
a microscopic organism visible. Resolution is the ability to distinguish two objects from each
other. Light microscopy has limits to both its resolution and its magnification.
Macromolecules key to microbiology:

Macromolecules: Large organic molecules in cells. Includes nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides and
lipids

polysaccharide - is one type of macromolecule made up of monosaccharides like glucose and fructose



3

Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:

Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews

Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews

Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!

Snel en makkelijk kopen

Snel en makkelijk kopen

Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.

Focus op de essentie

Focus op de essentie

Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!

Veelgestelde vragen

Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?

Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.

Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?

Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.

Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?

Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper QuizPlus. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.

Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?

Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor $12.49. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.

Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?

4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 83637 samenvattingen verkocht

Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen

Start met verkopen

Laatst bekeken door jou


$12.49
  • (0)
  Kopen