COPE Health Scholars written exam review The Best Achieved_ Updated Questions and Answers Already Graded A+ 100%

True or False? Scholars may not enter Contact PLUS isolation rooms? - CORRECT ANSWER-False What does HAI stand for? define HAI - CORRECT ANSWER-stands for Hospital Associated Infection. leading cause of death in US HAI is an infection that is transmitted in a healthcare or hospital setting from delivering care What are 4 examples of multi-drug resistant organisms? aka antibiotic resistant - CORRECT ANSWER-1) methicillin-resistant staphylococcus Aerus (MRSA) 2) Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) 3) Extended spectrum B-lactamase producing (ESBL) 4) Clostridium Difficile (C. Diff) What are the 3 levels of Infection Prevention in health care setting? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tier 1: Standard Precautions: protect all patients regardless of diagnoses Tier 2: Transmission Based Precaution: Precautions healthcare staff must take in order to protect from being infected by patient with a known infection Tier 3: Patient Protective Precaution: Immune compromised patients that need to be safeguarded from environment Give 6 examples of the types of patients considered immune-comprised patients - CORRECT ANSWER-1) Newborn babies (especially premature babies) Remember they do not have the necessary antibodies and have weak cell-mediated immunity 2) elderly: have a slower immune system, that does not respond very quickly to infectious agents upon their entry 3) Surgical patients: tissue exposure during surgery that serves as a portal entry for infectious agents 4) immune compromised (HIV/AIDS, chemotherapy patients, organ transplant) 5) seriously ill patients (chemotherapy, HIV/AID, organ transplant) 6) physically and nutritionally depleted patients who are not getting essential nutrients and minerals and energy to develop a strong immune system What is the central premise of Standard precautions? - CORRECT ANSWER-All bodily fluids are potentially infectious Name a few examples of bodily fluids - CORRECT ANSWER-*amniotic fluid, *pleural fluid (from excess build-up fluid in pleural cavity of lungs) *pericardial fluid (excess build up fluid in sac-like structure surrounding heart, the pericardium) *sputum *nasal secretion *blood *non-intact skin *saliva *semen *vaginal fluids What are the 3 types of transmission based precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-1) contact (either direct or indirect) : any skin to skin contact with patient, gown, surfaces patient has touches. 2) droplet: infectious agent that transmits infection when they travel from respiratory tract from infected individual via sneezing or coughing to susceptible mucosal surfaces of recipient (less than 3 feet away) 3) airborne: via contaminated dust particles or minute droplet nuclei (can be transmitted more than 3 feet away) Give examples of common bacterial infections - CORRECT ANSWER-1) Streptococcus 2) staphylococcus 3) Tuberculosis Give examples of common viral infections - CORRECT ANSWER-1) HIV -- AIDS 2) Epstein-Barre syndrome 3) Influenza virus 4) Hepatitis B What are complications that result from being infected with Streptococcus? - CORRECT ANSWER-Pharyngitis (strep throat), toxic shock syndrome, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, skin infections What are some complication that result from being infected with Staphylococcus? aka toxic shock syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-mild skin infections (pimples, impetigo), meningitis, endocarditis, and pneumonia What are some complications that result from being infected with TB? - CORRECT ANSWER-coughing up blood, known as respiratory illness that causes progressive lung damage, fever, night sweats, weight loss. It can also effect many organs including the kidneys and intestines What is AIDS? - CORRECT ANSWER-AIDS is a complication of HIV. This basically means that the infected individual has lost cell-mediated immunity (the person's innate immune system) and are therefore way more vulnerable to opportunistic infections. AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome What does Hepatitis B cause/complications? How is it transmitted? - CORRECT ANSWER-causes irreversible liver damage, due to inflammation of liver. (Cirrhosis)