Summary of chapter 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5
Understanding Media & Culture
An introduction to mass communication
version 2.0 Flatworld
ISBN 5258
by Jack Lule
Chapter 1 Media and culture
Chapter 2 Media effects
Chapter 3 Books
Chapter 4 Newspapers
Chapter 5 Magazines
Breda University of Applied Sciences
Int...
UNDERSTANDING MEDIA & CULTURE
AN INTRODUCTION TO MASS COMMUNICATION | VERSION 2.0
Jack Lule
Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5
, Chapter 1 Media and Culture
1.1 The lost cell phone
- Example of someone who lost her cellphone – writer got his inspiraton from The New York Times
Same story used in another book – shows symbolic the multtude between media and culture
- Understanding Media by Marshall McLuhan – book used as inspiraton
Medium (broadcast/print/etc.) more important than media (content)
Affect the human central neroous system – medium is the message
- Culture = partcular way of life and how life is acted out in work/practce/actoites
1.2 Intersecton of American media and culture
- Mass communicaton = communicaton transmited to large segments of the populaton
Happens using all kinds of media
- Mass media = means of transmission for wide audience
- Culture = expressed and shared oalues/attudes/beliefs/practces of a social group/organizaton
- In this book: the American experience
- 1960 frst to debate: John F. Kennedy os. Richard Nixon – also broadcasted on the radio
Radio listeners considered it a tee whereas to oiewers belieoed Kennedy was beter
Changes in media technology haoe a big impact on culture
1.3 How did we get here? The eooluton of media
- 2017: mobile facebook/snapchat/twiten – 7 out of 10 use social media to connect
- We are eoerywhere exposed to media
- 15th century: printng press by Gutenberg – cheaper and easier
- Newspaper preoiously used to connect with homee keep culture and natonal identty
- 1830 inoenton of the penny press: low price – more entertainment and murder/drama
- 20th century flm and radio – boon for adoertsers
- 1930s Great Depression (bad economy)
- 1837 the telegraph – fast long distance communicaton
- 1940s teleoision – consumer based economy
Just three major networks controlled 90% of all aired programs
- 1980s cable teleoision more channels
To sold adoertsing and commercial drioen programs (CBS) – Britain used licensing fees (BBC)
Technologies form and cause cultural changes
- Why do media seem to play such a big role
Entertainment and imaginaton
Informaton and educaton
Public forum = discussion of important issues
Monitor gooernmente business and insttutons (journalists)
- Each media/medium has his own benefts – medium is the message
Internet seems to hold other media within it: webpage includes text/images/oideo
1.4 How did we get here? The eooluton of culture
- Cultural period = tme marked by way of understanding the world through culture & technology
- Modern age = post-Medieoal era (1500) – modernity
Technological innooatonse urbanizatone discooeries and globalizaton
, 1. Early modern period: starts with printng press inoenton – 15th-18th century
Rising literacy rates educatonal reform
2. Late modern period – 18th-20th century
Industrial reooluton in Englande America and France
Change in producton/economics/social/cultural – inoenton of steam power and machines
People mooed to cites – manufacturing instead of an agriculture
Industrialized naton – focus on indioidual and ratonal thinking
Mass media: united people regional/social/cultural
Modernism = 19th/20th artstc mooement: questoned limitatons of ‘traditonal’ art/culture
- Post-modern age = second half of the 20th century
Skeptcisme self-consciousnesse celebraton of difference and modern conoentons
Questoned of dismissed assumptons from the modern age
No belieoe in an objectoe truth of autonomous self
Reject grand narraties = large-scale theories that explain totality of human experience
Instead micro narratoes = localized understandings of the world
Dioersity of human experience
Mistrusted originality – borrowed across cultures and genres: long lioe the thief
1.5 Media mix: Conoergence
- Media conoergence = preoiously technologies come to share contente tasks & resources
Mobile phone: picturese oideos and calls = conoergence
- 5 categories how media is consumed and produced (process)
1. Economic conoergence: single company with mult kinds of media
2. Organic conoergence: stories in different media platorms
3. Cultural conoergence: stories in different media platorms
Partcipatory culture = consumers react/remix a culture
4. Global conoergence: geographically distant cultures infuencing
Cultural imperialism = deoeloping countries pressured to shape corresponding insttutons
5. Technological conoergence: merging of technologies
- Generaton gap because of cultural changes
- Conoergence transformed who and how ‘old’ media is used
1.6 Cultural oalues shape media; Media shape cultural oalues
- Cultural oalues shape media and mass communicaton
- Value of free speech and press – howeoere shifed limits
Obscenity = offensioe or disgustng by accepted standards
Copyright law = protect creatoe rights
- Organizatons (gooernment/school) shape media to promote their oalues
Can become propaganda = atempts to persuade an audience
- Gatekeepers = determine which stories make it to the public
1.7 Mass media and popular culture
- Popular culture = media/products/attudes considered to be mainstream or part of eoeryday life
for example: American Idols | The Beatles | Jenny Lind
- tastemakers = mass media that encourages adopton of trends
also used to create demand for new products
now also professional tools Yelp | blogs | SMS | social media
- crowd-surfng = product reoiews (tripadoiser/yelp)
form of mass tastemaking – not oery fair though
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Daniquedhs. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.37. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
