Summary
Grief Complete Summary - 3.4 Affective Disorders 2024
- Course
- Institution
Complete and extensive summary for week 3 of the course 3.4 Affective Disorders, year 2023/2024. Grade received = 8.3!
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
lindej03
Content preview
3.4 Affective DisordersWeek 3
Grief
,Grief
Bonanno et al (2002)
Resilience to Loss and Chronic Grief: A Prospective Study From
Preloss to 18-Months Postloss
Introduction
● Death of a spouse assumed to be one of the most stressful experiences
● Individual differences in how much and for how long people grieve
● Patterns of grief
○ Prolonged or chronic grief
○ Noticeable absence of grief symptoms
○ Delayed grief responses
● Often in grief research data is aggregated → not possible to identify patterns
○ Preloss data is necessary
● Investigate effects of absence of stress as a resilience factor
● This article → address issues in previous research on grief
Identifying divergent reactions to conjugal loss
● Chronic grief
○ 10-20% prevalence
○ Relationship with preexisting psychopathology may be present
■ Depression related memory biases may inflate relationship between
current & prior difficulties
■ Intensity & emotional difficulties may be overestimated
■ Important to distinguish chronic depression from chronic grief reactions
● Absence of grief → pathology or resilience
○ Historically seen as pathological as it is important to work through the emotional
pain
○ A majority believe that it stems from denial or inhibition and is maladaptive in the
long run
○ More and more people now believe it is linked to quick adjustment following
expected loss or personality factors that promote resilience to loss
○ A large portion of conjugally bereaved people do not exhibit significant distress or
depression following loss → calls into question whether it is pathological
● Delayed grief & improved functioning during bereavement
○ Traditional perspective → absence of overt signs will eventually be manifested
into delayed reaction
○ Percentage of those experiencing delayed grief is extremely low
, ○ In some cases improvements after the loss → of spouse had a serious illness or
if marital relationship was highly stressful
■ Little is known
○ Two groups within those distressed after loss are possible
■ Distress both before and after the loss (no difference)
■ Distress caused by the loss
○ Two groups within those not distressed after loss are possible
■ Resilient group who experiences little distress prior to and after death
■ Distress prior to loss, improvement following death
● Preloss predictors of divergent reactions to conjugal loss
○ Qualities of the conjugal relationship
■ Chronic grief hypotheses
● Conflict in the relationship
● Ambivalence towards the spouse
● Excessive dependency
● Anxious/ambivalent or preoccupied attachment styles
● Depression
■ Absent grief hypotheses
● Superficial attachment
● Prolonged relationship conflict
● Emotionally distant
● Avoidant or dismissive attachment style
○ Coping resources
■ Moderate adjustment to stressful life events
■ Personality traits
● Emotional stability → buffer from destabilization
● Other good traits → conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness
to experience, tendency to introspect, perceived confidence in
coping
■ Religious involvement
● Fosters resilience
● Support from community
● Especially the factors personal devotion & personal conservatism
○ Meaning (world view)
■ Finding meaning is a core component of the grieving process
● Unable to find meaning → prolonged grief reaction
■ Chronic grief → world is meaningless, unjust, uncontrollable
■ People who do not actively search for meaning following loss → respond
well to trauma & loss
● If prior world view accommodates possibility of loss, less need to
search for meaning
○ Context
■ Perceived social support
■ Instrumental support (eg financial resources)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lindej03. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.76. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now