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Samenvatting - Morfologie van de basisorganen (biosfeer: planten) $5.37
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Samenvatting - Morfologie van de basisorganen (biosfeer: planten)

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Dit document is samenvatting die de hofodstukken omvat rond de morfologie, functies en metamorfosen van de basisorganen van de plant (wortel, stengel, blad).

Last document update: 9 months ago

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  • March 13, 2024
  • March 13, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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Inhoudstafel
Inleiding.....................................................................................................4
Morfologie van de wortel.............................................................................5
Wortelsystemen............................................................................................................ 7
Functies......................................................................................................................... 9
OPNAME (Water + mineralen).................................................................................... 9
VERANKERING + STABILISATIE + EVENWICHT...........................................................9
OPSLAAN VAN RESERVESTOFFEN............................................................................... 9
SYNTHESE VAN BEPAALDE STOFFEN..........................................................................9
PERCEPTIE VD ZWAARTEKRACHT: geotropie..............................................................9
Wortelknollen.............................................................................................................. 10
Autogene Wortelknollen........................................................................................... 10
MYCORRHIZA............................................................................................................ 10
Soorten wortels........................................................................................................... 11
Groene wortels (chlorofyl)........................................................................................... 11
Klemwortels – wurgepyfieten...................................................................................... 11
wortelknoppen............................................................................................................. 11
Ademwortel = kniewortel = pneumatofoor.................................................................11
Zuigwortel = haustorium............................................................................................. 11
Test............................................................................................................................ 12
Morfologie van de stengel..........................................................................13
Algemene bouw........................................................................................................... 13
Functies....................................................................................................................... 13
Vertakkingspatronen................................................................................................... 15
Bladstand/Fyllotaxis.................................................................................................... 16
Metamorfosen............................................................................................................. 18
Morfologie van het blad.............................................................................19
Onderdelen vh blad..................................................................................................... 19
Nervatuur.................................................................................................................... 20
Enkelvoudige bladeren............................................................................................. 20
................................................................................................................................. 20
Samengestelde bladeren.......................................................................................... 20
Functies....................................................................................................................... 21
Metamorfosen............................................................................................................. 21
Stekels + doorns: algemeen.......................................................................23



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, Terminologie
Wetenschappelijke naam van voorbeelden hoef je niet te kennen
Wel bij elke eigenschap een voorbeeld kennen

 Morfologie: de uitwendige studie van de organen
 Anatomie: orgaanleer (de studie van de inwendige schikking en
aanwezigheid van weefseltypes en celtypes)
 Histologie: weefselleer
 Cytologie: cellenleer
 Homologe structuren: structuren die oorspronkelijk hetzelfde bouwplan
en dezelfde functie hadden, maar andere functies en vormen gekregen
hebben en er dus ook anders uitzien
 een bloemblaadje is homoloog aan een groen loofblad
 Analoge structuren: structuren die een gelijkende/dezelfde functie
hebben en daardoor op elkaar gelijken, maar evolutionair afzonderlijk tot
stand zijn gekomen
 Convergente evolutie: de ontwikkeling van dezelfde eigenschap bij
verschillende, niet duidelijk met elkaar verwante taxonomische groepen
 leid tot analoge structuren
 Radicula: de primaire wortel van de kiemplant
 Adventiefwortels: de bijwortels van een plant met als functie
ondersteuning




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