Summary

Samenvatting - Morfologie van de basisorganen (biosfeer: planten)

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Course
De biosfeer: planten

Institution
Universiteit Gent (UGent)

Dit document is samenvatting die de hofodstukken omvat rond de morfologie, functies en metamorfosen van de basisorganen van de plant (wortel, stengel, blad).

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Uploaded on March 13, 2024
File latest updated on March 13, 2024
Number of pages 23
Written in 2023/2024
Type Summary

biosfeer
biosfeer planten
morfologie
morfologie van de plant
blad
stengel
wortel
morfologie van de wortel
morfologie van de stengel
morfologie van het blad
samenvatting
morfologie van de basisorganen

Institution
Universiteit Gent (UGent)
Education
Geologie
Course
De biosfeer: planten

lonekorsgaard

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Inhoudstafel
Inleiding.....................................................................................................4
Morfologie van de wortel.............................................................................5
Wortelsystemen............................................................................................................ 7
Functies......................................................................................................................... 9
OPNAME (Water + mineralen).................................................................................... 9
VERANKERING + STABILISATIE + EVENWICHT...........................................................9
OPSLAAN VAN RESERVESTOFFEN............................................................................... 9
SYNTHESE VAN BEPAALDE STOFFEN..........................................................................9
PERCEPTIE VD ZWAARTEKRACHT: geotropie..............................................................9
Wortelknollen.............................................................................................................. 10
Autogene Wortelknollen........................................................................................... 10
MYCORRHIZA............................................................................................................ 10
Soorten wortels........................................................................................................... 11
Groene wortels (chlorofyl)........................................................................................... 11
Klemwortels – wurgepyfieten...................................................................................... 11
wortelknoppen............................................................................................................. 11
Ademwortel = kniewortel = pneumatofoor.................................................................11
Zuigwortel = haustorium............................................................................................. 11
Test............................................................................................................................ 12
Morfologie van de stengel..........................................................................13
Algemene bouw........................................................................................................... 13
Functies....................................................................................................................... 13
Vertakkingspatronen................................................................................................... 15
Bladstand/Fyllotaxis.................................................................................................... 16
Metamorfosen............................................................................................................. 18
Morfologie van het blad.............................................................................19
Onderdelen vh blad..................................................................................................... 19
Nervatuur.................................................................................................................... 20
Enkelvoudige bladeren............................................................................................. 20
................................................................................................................................. 20
Samengestelde bladeren.......................................................................................... 20
Functies....................................................................................................................... 21
Metamorfosen............................................................................................................. 21
Stekels + doorns: algemeen.......................................................................23

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, Terminologie
Wetenschappelijke naam van voorbeelden hoef je niet te kennen
Wel bij elke eigenschap een voorbeeld kennen

 Morfologie: de uitwendige studie van de organen
 Anatomie: orgaanleer (de studie van de inwendige schikking en
aanwezigheid van weefseltypes en celtypes)
 Histologie: weefselleer
 Cytologie: cellenleer
 Homologe structuren: structuren die oorspronkelijk hetzelfde bouwplan
en dezelfde functie hadden, maar andere functies en vormen gekregen
hebben en er dus ook anders uitzien
 een bloemblaadje is homoloog aan een groen loofblad
 Analoge structuren: structuren die een gelijkende/dezelfde functie
hebben en daardoor op elkaar gelijken, maar evolutionair afzonderlijk tot
stand zijn gekomen
 Convergente evolutie: de ontwikkeling van dezelfde eigenschap bij
verschillende, niet duidelijk met elkaar verwante taxonomische groepen
 leid tot analoge structuren
 Radicula: de primaire wortel van de kiemplant
 Adventiefwortels: de bijwortels van een plant met als functie
ondersteuning

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Samenvatting - Morfologie van de basisorganen (biosfeer: planten)

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