DaVita Study Guide In-Center Hemodialysis 2024

TMP Intervention - evaluate UF goal, verify line is not clamped or wet TMP alarm - clamped line, wet transducer, change in UF goal AP Low Alarm & Intervention - tube separation from needle, decrease pump speed verify connection, increase pump speed AP High Alarm & Intervention - poor placement, clotting check placement and line VP Low Alarm & Intervention - tube separation from needle check NS line is clamped, increase BFR VP High Alarm & Intervention - poor placement, clotting, stenosis flush w/NS, check placement, remove line ESRD (end stage renal disease) options - Transplant Dialysis Palliative Care 3 examples of Pre-Renal causes of AKI - 1)Obstruction 2) Volume Depletion 3)Impaired Cardiac Function Define AKI (Acute Kidney Injury) - A wide spectrum of kidney issues, includes Acute Renal Failure as well as less catastrophic renal function issues, may dialyze in a out patient facility until kidney function recovers. 3 examples of Intra-Renal causes of AKI - 1) Ishemic ATN 2) Sepsis, SIRS, Septic Shock, Anaphylaxis 3) Goodpasture Syndrome, Acute Glomerulonephritis, 3 examples of Post-Renal causes of AKI - 1) Obstruction 2) Oliguric 3) Bladder Rupture, Pregancy How do you help in restoring kidney function - Find the cause of the AKI How do you protect kidneys from further injury - avoid toxic substances What is important when monitoring Weight and BP - Keep them with a little extra fluid AKI patients are at increased risk for which complications - Hypovolemia and Hypotension What are the most common causes for CKD - HTN, DM, PKD What is CKD-MBD - Abnormalities in CA, PO4, PTH, and Vitamin D metabolism with soft tissue calcification and bone disease What are Phosphate Binders - Taken with all meals and snacks Excess sodium intake causes - Increased thirst and hypertension high potassium - Cause extreme muscle weakness and abnormal heart rhythm, this electrolyte can slow the heart's conduction system until no electrical impulses are conducted What is Albumin - Essential for growth, maintenance, preventing infection and anemia what is the distance between needles - 1.5 inches why use needle site rotation - prevents the formation of aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms 3 steps in access assessment - Look, Listen, Feel Over-manipulating needles can cause - bleeding from the needle site during dialysis NFACT Intermediate Cannulator - has at least 6 months of AV access cannulation experience and at least 10 successful cannulations on and established fistulae what is an intervention for muscle cramps - stretching the affected muscle what position is used for an Air Embolism - Left side Trendelenburg What is hypotension during treatment - its associated with increased mortality rate Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome (DDS) - patients who are skipping treatments Symptoms of disinfectant infusion - pain at the venous needle site, tingling around the lips and difficulty breathing. Best way to successfully help patients change behaviors - through support, compassion, and empathy