NR546 EVALUATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NR546 EVALUATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS How does the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) affect the amygdala? - CORRECT ANSWERinhibits and activates the amygdala Wernicke's area is associated with which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWERspeech comprehension The limbic system is associated with which of the following - CORRECT ANSWERemotion and learning Which brain structure is most associated with long term memory? - CORRECT ANSWER-hippocampus When prescribing psychotropic medications, the PMHNP knows that these medications work within which specific areas? - CORRECT ANSWER-mood Which of the following are involved in regulating neurotransmission via excitationsecretion coupling? - CORRECT ANSWER-voltage-sensitive sodium channels and voltage-sensitive calcium channels What system influences the length of time for a drug to achieve efficacy? - CORRECT ANSWER-signal transduction cascades One of the signal transduction cascades, pass the message from a first receptor to a second messenger. - CORRECT ANSWER-G protein linked systems Human central nervous system communication at synapses is which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER-chemical Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter? - CORRECT ANSWERglutamate Which statement correctly pairs the pharmacodynamic effect with its definition? - CORRECT ANSWER-antagonist effect - drug binds to receptor, but does not activate a response A major current hypothesis for the cause of schizophrenia proposes that N-methyl-daspartate (NMDA) receptors may be which of the following? Correct! - CORRECT ANSWER-hypofunctional Which medication is least associated with weight gain? - CORRECT ANSWERaripiprazole Which dopamine pathway is associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia? - CORRECT ANSWER-mesolimbic pathway Which pathway is associated with negative symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER-The mesocortical pathway Is part of the extrapyramidal nervous system and associated with extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) - CORRECT ANSWER-nigrostriatal pathway This pathway is associated with hyperprolactinemia. - CORRECT ANSWER-The tuberoinfundibular pathway A 34-year old male recently began experiencing breast secretions while receiving risperidone . Which dopamine pathway is associated with this side effect? - CORRECT ANSWER-tuberoinfundibular pathway A 44-year-old woman is initiated on an atypical antipsychotic for the treatment of schizophrenia. Regarding affinity, atypical antipsychotics demonstrate which of the following most often? - CORRECT ANSWER-Atypical antipsychotics have equal positive symptom antipsychotic actions and low extrapyramidal symptoms. is a syndrome that can be associated with several different psychiatric disorders. Symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, and distortions of reality. This syndrome can affect a person's cognition, affective response, communication, capacity to recognize reality, and ability to relate to others. - CORRECT ANSWER-psychosis What Diagnosis require the presence of psychosis? - CORRECT ANSWERschizophrenia substance-induced psychotic disorders schizophreniform disorder schizoaffecive disorder delusional disorder brief psychotic disorder psychotic disorder due to a medical condition What diagnosis has a diagnosis of psychosis as a feature? - CORRECT ANSWERmania depression cognitive disorders dementia What are some positive symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER-Hallucinations Delusions Thought disorder Hostility Excitability What are some Negative symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER-Affective flattening Alogia Anhedonia Amotivation Asociality What area of the brain is associated with negative and affective symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER-Mesocortical and ventromedial prefrontal cortex: What area of the brain is associated with cognitive symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWERDorsolateral What area of the brain is associated with aggressive, impulsive symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER-Orbitofrontal and connections to the amygdala Non-selectively blocks dopamine D2 receptors, specifically in mesolimbic pathway. Improves Positive Symptoms Use: Acute & Chronic Schizophrenia & Psychosis - CORRECT ANSWER-First generation antipsychotics are associated with movement, intelligence, abstract thinking, the ability to organize, personality, behavior, and emotional control. Traumatic brain injuries can result in personality changes, difficulty controlling emotions, and other cognitive functions - CORRECT ANSWER-Frontal Lobes responsible for proprioception, is the home of the somatic senses. This part of the brain helps a person to identify spatial relationships, interpret pain and touch in the body, and identify and give meaning to objects - CORRECT ANSWER-Parietal Lobe (Middle Brain) Damage to the anterior portion may cause asterogenesis, the loss of ability to recognize objects via the sense of touch. This may be experienced by patients with post cerebral vascular accidents - CORRECT ANSWER-parietal Lobe and involved in short-term memory, speech, auditory signals, and smell recognition. It identifies "what" things are - object identification. It contains the limbic system, amygdala, and hippocampus. - CORRECT ANSWER-Temporal Lobe