Semmelweis Entrance Exam Medicine Biology Questions + Answers Graded A+

What are carbohydrates and lipids? - Answer-Organic compounds that are mostly composed of three types of atom; carbon, hydrogen and oxygen What do carbohydrates do? - Answer-provide energy, in the form of sugars like glucose and fructose, but they also make up structures like cellulose, which form the cell wall of plant cells What type of carbohydrate is the most important source of energy? - Answer-mono-, di- and polysaccharides What are mono and disaccharides? - Answer-polar and soluble in water What are polysaccharides? - Answer-Macromolecules resulting from polymerisation (condensation) of sugars and are not soluble in water Examples of monosaccharides - Answer-ribose, glucose, fructose, galactose What forms a disaccharide? - Answer-two monosaccharides linked together by condensation reactions with glycosidic bonds releasing one H2O molecule Alpha glucose structure - AnswerBeta glucose structure - AnswerExamples of Polysaccharides - Answer-cellulose, glycogen and starch Monomer of Sucrose - Answer-glucose and fructose monomer of maltose - Answer-glucose and glucosemonomer of lactose - Answer-glucose and galactose monomer of starch - Answer-glucose monomer of glycogen - Answer-glucose monomer of cellulose - Answer-glucose In animals, what carbohydrate stores energy? - Answer-glycogen