Richard Harwood and Ian Lodge
Cambridge IGCSE®
Chemistry
Workbook
,Richard Harwood and Ian Lodge
Cambridge IGCSE®
Chemistry
Workbook
Third edition
s.s Cambridge
qp UNIVERSITY PRESS
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<£> Cambridge University Press 2011
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception
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Workbook first published 2011
6th printing 2013
Printed in Italy by LE.G.O. S.p.A.
A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-0-521-18117-4 Paperback
Cover image: Peeling paint on rusting steel. Martyn F. Chill maid / Science Photo Library
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NOTICE TO TEACHERS
References to experiments contained in this publication are provided *as is
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information provided is on the understanding that teachers and technicians shall
undertake a thorough and appropriate risk assessment before undertaking any of
the experiments listed. Cambridge University Press makes no warranties, representations
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, Contents
Introduction iv 7 How far? How fast? 42
7.1 Terms of reaction 42
I Planet Earth 1 7.2 The collision theory of reaction rates 43
1.1 Global warming and the'greenhouse effect* 1 7.3 The influence of surface area on
1.2 Hydrogen as a fuel 4 the rate of reaction 45
7.4 Finding the rate of a reaction producing a gas 47
2 The nature of matter 6 7.5 Reversible reactions involving
2.1 Changing physical state 6 inter halogen compounds 50
2.2 Chromatography at the races 8
2.3 Atomic structure 10 8 Patterns and properties of metals 52
8.1 Group 1: The alkali metals 52
3 Elements and compounds 12 8.2 The reactivity scries of metals 53
3.1 Periodic patterns tn the properties of 8.3 Energy from displacement reactions 55
the elements 12
3.2 The chemical bonding in simple
9 Industrial inorganic chemistry 59
molecules 13 9.1 Metal alloys and their uses 59
3.3 The nature of ionic lattices 15 9.2 Extracting aluminium by electrolysis 60
3.4 Making magnesium oxide - a quantitative 9.3 The importance of nitrogen 61
investigation 16 9.4 Making sulfuric acid industrially 65
9.5 Concrete chemistry 66
4 Chemical reactions 20
4.1 Key chemical reactions 20 10 Organic chemistry 68
4.2 lhe action of heat on metal carbonates 22 10.1 Families of hydrocarbons 68
10.2 Unsaturated hydrocarbons (the alkenes) 70
4.3 lhe nature of electrolysis 23
4.4 Displacement reactions of the halogens 25 10.3 The alcohols as fuels 71
10.4 Reactions of ethanoic acid 75
5 Acids, bases and salts 27
5.1 Acid and base reactions - neutralisation 27 11 Petrochemicals and polymers 77
5.2 The analysis of titration results 28 11.1 Essential processes of the petrochemical
5.3 Iherniochemistry - investigating the industry 78
neutralisation of an acid by an alkali 30 11.2 Addition polymerisation 79
5.4 Deducing a formula from a precipitation 11.3 The structure of man-made fibre molecules 80
reaction 34 11.4 Condensation polymerisation 81
11.5 The analysis of condensation polymers 83
6 Quantitative chemistry 35
6.1 Calculating formula masses 35 12 Chemical analysis and investigation 85
6.2 A sense of proportion in chemistry 36 111 Titration analysis 85
6.3 Calculating the percentage ot certain elements 12.2 Chemical analysis 87
in a compound and empirical formulae 37 12.3 Experimental design 89
6.4 Calculations involving solutions 38
6.5 Finding the mass of 5 cm of magnesium ribbon 40
Contents
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