Congenitale cystennier: door te geringe wederzijdse inductiewerking ontstaat er geen verbinding
tussen ureter en nierweefsel
Ontwikkeling nierlichaampje: nierlichaampjes van Malphighi = kapsel van Bowman + glomerulus
visceraal blad met podocyten rond kluwen
Macroscopische opbouw van de nier
Soorten nieren:
Unipyramidale nier: kat en konijn, schors gerangschikt rond 1 pyramide
Multipyramidale nier met externe demarcaties (grote welvingen): grote
herkauwers
Multipyramidale nier zonder externe demarcaties : varken en mens
Functies van de nier
Volume en bloeddrukregeling:
adaptatie aan landleven + water- en ionenbehoud: water terug
kunnen resorberen om uitdroging te voorkomen
Ionenbalans
Stikstofhuishouding = secundaire functie
Productie erythropoietine -> rol in erythropoiëse
Nefron
= buizensysteem met glomerulus
Nierglomerulus is vaatkluwe met aftakkingen van arteriën, gelegen op
verschillende hoogtes
Functie: filtratie en vorming primaire urine -> wordt uitgescheiden in de
ruimte van Bowmann
Veneuze systeem Lis van Henle
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