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Samenvatting histologie van de orgaanstelsels: Nier en urinewegen, 2e bachelor biomedische wetenschappen $8.81   Add to cart

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Samenvatting histologie van de orgaanstelsels: Nier en urinewegen, 2e bachelor biomedische wetenschappen

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Samenvatting histologie van de orgaanstelsels: Nier en urinewegen 2e bachelor, 1e semester Biomedische wetenschappen

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  • March 18, 2024
  • 4
  • 2022/2023
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Histologie: Nier en urinewegen

Het excretiestelsel:

 Nier
 Ureter
 Blaas
 Urethra

Nier

Embryologie

 Pronefros (voornier)
 Mesonefros (oernier) -> ureterknop -> ureter en pelvis
 Metanefros (nanier) -> nefronen

Congenitale cystennier: door te geringe wederzijdse inductiewerking ontstaat er geen verbinding
tussen ureter en nierweefsel

Ontwikkeling nierlichaampje: nierlichaampjes van Malphighi = kapsel van Bowman + glomerulus 
visceraal blad met podocyten rond kluwen

Macroscopische opbouw van de nier

Soorten nieren:

 Unipyramidale nier: kat en konijn, schors gerangschikt rond 1 pyramide
 Multipyramidale nier met externe demarcaties (grote welvingen): grote
herkauwers
 Multipyramidale nier zonder externe demarcaties : varken en mens

Functies van de nier

 Volume en bloeddrukregeling:
 adaptatie aan landleven + water- en ionenbehoud: water terug
kunnen resorberen om uitdroging te voorkomen
 Ionenbalans
 Stikstofhuishouding = secundaire functie
 Productie erythropoietine -> rol in erythropoiëse

Nefron

= buizensysteem met glomerulus

Nierglomerulus is vaatkluwe met aftakkingen van arteriën, gelegen op
verschillende hoogtes

Bloedvoorziening: Interlobaire arterie -> arcuate arterie -> interlobulaire
arterie -> afferente arteriolen -> efferente arteriolen

Functie: filtratie en vorming primaire urine -> wordt uitgescheiden in de
ruimte van Bowmann

Veneuze systeem  Lis van Henle

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